Petras and Trachte - Liberal, Structural and Radical Approaches to Political Economy - An Assessment and an Alternative

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1、ContemporaryCrises3(1979)109-147?ElsevierScientificPublishingCompany,Amsterdam-PrintedinTheNetherlands109LIBERAL,STRUCTURALANDRADICALAPPROACHESTOPOLITICALECONOMY:ANASSESSMENTANDANALTERNATIVEJAMESPETRASANDKENTTRACHTEThegrowinginterestinpoliticaleconomyhasledtoap

2、roliferationofarticlesandbooksreflectingabroadspectrumofinterestsandapproaches.Thepurposeofthispaperistomapsomeofthemajorschools,theirorigins,assumptionsandprojections,aswellastoexaminesomeoftheirshortcomings.Thestudyofpoliticaleconomyhasalongandrespectedtradit

3、ion,datingbacktothe18thcentury,andincludesthegiantsofcapitalistandsocialistthought,notablyAdamSmithandKarlMarx.Thoughthestudyofpoliticsandeconomicshasgoneseparatewaysforthebetterpartofacentury,especiallyintheUnitedStates,therecentattemptstodevelopacomprehensive

4、approachwhichincludesstate,productionandsocialrelationsistobewelcome.Inourdiscussion,wedistinguishfourmajorschoolsofthoughtandproposeafifth.Weproceedbyoutliningtheirassumptions,specifyingtheunitsofanalysis,problematicsandmodesofanalysis,andthencriticallyexamine

5、thestrengthsandweaknessesofeachasithasevolvedfromthenarrowerperspectivesofeconomicsandpoliticalscience.WeconcludebysketchingoutanalternativeapproachwhichshiftsthediscussionawayfromgrowthanddevelopmentproblematicstowardissuesofclassformationandexploitationLibera

6、l,Transnational,StructuralistandWorld-SystemsApproachesInthissectionofthepaperwewillpresentandcritiqueseveralalternativeapproachestothestudyofinternationalpoliticaleconomy.Ouranalysisisorganizedwithspecificreferencetothecontextofthepoliticaleconomyofdevelopment

7、andunderdevelopment.Theanalyticpointsareapplicabletoothercontextsaswell,butnoexplicitattemptwillbemadetodemonstratethathere.Thatisatasktobetakenupatanothertime.StateUniversityofNewYork,Binghamton,N.i..,U.S.A.StateUniversityofNewYork,Binghamton,N.Y.,U.S.A.110THE

8、INTELLECTUALROOTSOFLIBERALPOLITICALECONOMYVariantsofaliberaltheoryofinternationalpoliticaleconomyareofrelativelyrecentorigin.Aslateas1970,itwaspossibleforSusanStrangetolamen