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1、變速器是汽車傳動(dòng)系中的重要部件之一。變速器由變速傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)和變速操縱機(jī)構(gòu)兩部分組成。變速器傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)主耍是改變轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速的數(shù)值和方向；操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的主要作用是控制傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)變速傳動(dòng)比的改變，即實(shí)現(xiàn)換擋，以達(dá)到變速變矩。變速器有機(jī)械式手動(dòng)變速器和機(jī)械式無級(jí)變速器兩種，如果變速器擋位多其動(dòng)力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性得到保證，擋位少其操縱方便，木次設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)的是屮型載貨汽車變速器，針對(duì)變速器的傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)方案的布置作了詳細(xì)的分析最終選用5+1扌當(dāng)中間軸式變速器，換擋形式釆用同步器換扌當(dāng)。結(jié)合總體的要求操縱機(jī)構(gòu)形式選用直接操縱機(jī)構(gòu)形式。木次設(shè)計(jì)的變速器既滿足了汽車的動(dòng)力性也滿足了其經(jīng)濟(jì)性能指標(biāo)。最后通過對(duì)齒
2、輪、軸、鍵、軸承等的校核,使其變速器的尺寸及其部件的強(qiáng)度都滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。關(guān)鍵詞：變速器；傳動(dòng)比；齒輪；校核；同步器AbstractTransmissionisoneoftheimportantpartsoftheautomobiletransmissionsystem.Transmissioniscomposedtwoparts:thecontrolofthevariablespeedandthedriveofthevariablespeed.Themechanismofthedrivegearboxofthetransmissionismainlyusedtochangethe
3、valueandthedirectionofthetorqueandrotationalspeed;Themainfunctionofteoperatingmechanismistocontrolthedrivemechanismofthetransmission,soastomakethechangeoftheratioofthevariablespeed,namelytheimplementshift,inordertoachievethespeedandthetorque.Therearetwokindsoftransmissionsthatarethemanualmech
4、anicaltransmissionandthemechanicalsteplesstransmission.Ifthetransmissiongearsisguaranteedformorethepowerperformanceandthefueleconomy,themanipulationisconvenienttolesscontrol.Thisdesignisthetransmissionofthemedium-sizedtruck,basedonthearrangementofthedriveschemeofthetransmission,wehasmadethede
5、tailedanalysisofitandfinallywechoose5+1intermediateshafttypetransmission,andadopttheshiftformasthesynchronizershifting.Combinedwiththegeneralrequirements,theoperatingmechanismformchoosesthedirectoperatingmechanism.Thetransmissioninthisdesignnotonlymeetsthedynamicperformanceofthecar,butalsomee
6、tstheindicatorsoftheeconomicperformance.Finallybycheckinggear,shaft,keyandbearing,thesizeofthetransmissionandthestrengthofcomponentsmeetthedesignrequirements.Keywords:transmission;ratio;gear;check;synchronizer摘要IAbstractII1緒論12變速器的方案分析32」變速器類型選擇及傳動(dòng)方案設(shè)計(jì)32.1.1結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性32.1.2變速器的徑向尺寸32.1.3變速器的傳動(dòng)效率32
7、.2變速器傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的分析4221換扌專結(jié)構(gòu)形式的選擇4222倒描的形式及布置方案52.3變速器操縱機(jī)構(gòu)方案分析62.3.1變速器操作機(jī)構(gòu)的功用62.3.2設(shè)計(jì)變速器操作機(jī)構(gòu)時(shí)應(yīng)滿足的基本要求62.3.3換擋位置62.3.4傳動(dòng)路線72.4具體零部件方案確定72.4.1同步器的選擇82.4.2軸承形式⑷92.4.2軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)92.5變速器的操縱機(jī)構(gòu)93變速器主要參數(shù)的確定113」變速器的檔位數(shù)和傳動(dòng)比113.2屮心距133.3變速器的軸向尺寸143.4齒輪參數(shù)143.5各檔齒輪齒
