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1、外文翻譯原文InventoryInformationManagementMaterialSource:SupplyChainDesign:QuicklyBuildSupplyChainModelsOptimize&SimulateRiskScenariosAuthor:Henry1.FunctionofWarehouse1.1WarehousefunctionalityBenefitsrealizedfromstrategicwarehousingareclassifiedonthebasisofeconomicsandservice.Fromaconceptualperspective,
2、nowarehouseshouldbeincludedinalogisticalsystemunlessitisfullyjustifiedonacost-benefitbasis.Whilethereissomeoverlap,themajorwarehousebenefitsarereviewedindividually.1.2EconomicBenefitsEconomicBenefitsofwarehousingresultwhenoveralllogisticalcostaredirectlyreducedbyutilizingoneormorefacilities.Itisno
3、tdifficulttoquantifythereturnoninvestmentofaneconomicbenefitbecauseitisreflectedinadirectcost-to-costtradeoff.Forexample,ifaddingawarehousetoalogisticalsystemwillreduceoveralltransportationcostbyanamountgreaterthanthefixedandvariablecostofthewarehouse,thentotalcostwillbereduced.Whenevertotal-costr
4、eductionsareattainable,thewarehouseiseconomicallyjustified.Fourbasiceconomicbenefitsareconsolidationbreakbulkandcrossdock,processing/postponement,andstockpiling.Eachisdiscussedandillustrated.1.3ConsolidationShipmentconsolidationisaneconomicbenefitofwarehousing.Withthisarrangement,theconsolidatingw
5、arehousereceivesandconsolidatesmaterialsfromanumberofmanufacturingplantsdestinedtoaspecificcustomeronasingletransportationshipment.Thebenefitsaretherealizationofthelowestpossibletransportationrateandreducedcongestionatacustomer’sreceivingdock.Thewarehouseallowsboththeinboundmovementfromthemanufact
6、urertothewarehouseandtheoutboundmovementfromthewarehousetocustomertobeconsolidatedintolargershipments.Figureaillustratesthewarehouseconsolidationflow.Inordertoprovideeffectiveconsolidation,eachmanufacturingplantmustusethewarehouseasaforwardstocklocationorasasortingandassemblyfacility.Theprimaryben
7、efitofconsolidationisthatitcombinesthelogisticalflowofseveralsmallshipmentstoaspecificmarketarea.Consolidationwarehousingmaybeusedbyasinglefirm,oranumberoffirmsmayjointogetheranduseafor-hireconsolidationservice.T