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1、OscarWilde(16Oct.1854---30Nov.1900)OscarWildewasthesecondsonbornintoanAnglo—Irishfamilyat21WestlandRow,Dublin.HisfatherWilliamWildewasasurgeonandwasknightedin1864forhisservicestomedicine.HismotherJaneFrancescawasasuccessfulwriterHisFamilyHisEducation(1.)WildestudiedclassicsatTrinityCollege,Dubl
2、in,from1871to18741.Hewasanoutstandingstudent,andwontheBerkeleyGoldMedal2.HewasawardedascholarshiptoMagdalencollege,Oxford.(2)HecontinuedhisstudiesinMagdalencollege,Oxfordfrom1874to1978(在牛津大學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)生活使他成為了英國唯美主義藝術(shù)運(yùn)動的倡導(dǎo)者）（3）Hewonthe1878NewdigadePrizeforhispoemRavenna.InNovember1878,hegraduatedwithado
3、ublefirstinclassicalmoderationsandLiteraeHumaniores.HisCareerandMarriageIn1882,WildewasinvitedtomakespeechinAmerica.HearrivedinNewsYorkon2January.Hespend12monthstomakespeecharoundAmerica.(美國聽眾被他的魅力，機(jī)智，聲音，優(yōu)雅所吸引）ThispictureisWaspcartoononOscarWildeinSanFranciscoIn1884,WildemarriedwithConstanceLio
4、yd(daughterofwealthyQueen’sCounselHoranceLioyd)inPaddington,London.Theyhadtwosons-----Cyril(1885)andVyvyan(1886)AfterOscar’sdownfall,ConstancetookthesurnameHollandforherselfandtheboysIn1896,hiswifecametovisithiminjailtotellhimanewsthathismotherdied.Thiswaslasttimeforthemtomeeteachother.Hiswifed
5、iedin1898followingspinalsurgeryinItaly.OnhisreturntotheUnitedKingdom,heworkedasareviewerforthePallMallGazetteintheyears1887to1889.AfterwardshebecametheeditorofWoman’sWorld.Inthesametime,hewroteandpublishedsomeshortstories.Wildealsoverygoodatwritingstoriesforchildren.In1888,TheHappyprinceandOthe
6、rTaleswaspublished.In1895,Wildearrivedthetopofhiscareer---TheImportanceofBeingEarnestandAnIdealHusbandwereputonintheatre.Thenextofhiscareerissadforhetomeet.HispoliticsWilde,formuchofhislife,advocatedsocialism,whichheargued”willbeofvaluesimplybecauseitwillleadtoindividualism”Healsohadastronglibe
7、rtarianstreakasshowninhispoem“SonnettoLiberty”Hedeclaredhimselfananarchist.Wildewasalsoapacifist.WildewroteseveralletterstotheDailyChronicleadvocatingprisonreformandwasthesolesignatoryofGeorgeBernardShaw’spetitionforapardonofthean
