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1、西安科技大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文基TLEACH的WSN路由協(xié)議研究與改進姓名：張園園申請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：通信與用信息系統(tǒng)指導(dǎo)教師：張紅2011SubjectResearchandImprovementofClusteringAlgorithmsinWirelessSensorNetworksBasedonLEACHSpecialty:CommunicationandInformationSystemName:ZHANGYuan-yuan(Signature)Instructor：ZHANGHong(Signature)AB
2、STRACTWirelesssensornetworks(WSN)isappliedtomonitoring,sensing,collectingandprocessingtheinformationfromthemonitoredobjectsinrealtime.WSNhasawiderangeofapplicationssuchasmilitarycommunication,environmentmonitoringandindustrialproduction.Traditionalwirelessroutin
3、gprotocolsarenotsuitabletoWSNbecausetheWSNusuallyhasahighnodesdensityandtheenergy,computationcapacityandbandwidthofnodesareusuallyrestricted.DesigningaroutingprotocoltosaveenergyandprolongthelifetimeofnetworkeffectivelyisoneofthekeypointsfortheresearchofWSN.Them
4、ainworkofthisthesiscanbelistedasfollows:Firstly,severalcommonlyusedroutingprotocolsareevaluatedfromdifferentmeasurableindicators,thenthedisadvantagesandadvantagesofLEACH(LowEnergyadaptiveClusteringHierarchy)whichisthewidelyusedcluster-basedroutingprotocolareanal
5、yzed.Secondly,becausetheclusterheadschangefrequentlyandenergyefficiencyislowinLEACHprotocol,amodifiedprotocol,LEACH-EAC(LEACH-basedEnergyAwareclusteringmethod),isproposedtoprolongthenetwork'slifecycle?Therelationshipbetweenthenetwork'slifecycleandnode9senergyise
6、stablished,theupperboundandthelowerboundoftheclusterslifetimeisderivedandalessclusterheadrotationalgorithmisproposed.NumericalsimulationshowsthatLEACH-EACissuperiortoLEACHonstabilityandnetwork9slifecycle.Finally,theresearchissummedupandprospectsaremadeinthisthes
7、is.Keywords:WirelessSensorNetworkRoutingprotocolClusterLEACHThesis:TheoryResearch1緒論1緒論1.1課題背景近年來，隨著微電子技術(shù)、計算機技術(shù)和無線通信技術(shù)的進步及發(fā)展，低功耗多功能的無線傳感器節(jié)點器件得到快速的發(fā)展。無線傳感器節(jié)點雖然體積小，卻集成了信息采集、數(shù)據(jù)處理、無線通信等多種功能［1］。利用眾多的傳感器節(jié)點協(xié)同工作，就能組成一個功能強大的傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)，無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合了傳感器技術(shù)、嵌入式計算技術(shù)、分布式信息處理技術(shù)和無線通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)技
8、術(shù)，能夠協(xié)作地實吋監(jiān)測、感知和采集各種環(huán)境或監(jiān)測對象信息并進行處理，傳送到需要的用戶［2］。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)將邏輯上的信息世界與客觀上的物理世界融合在一起，改變了人類與自然界的交互方式。美國商業(yè)周刊和MIT技術(shù)評論分別將無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)列為21世紀(jì)最有影響的21項技術(shù)和改變世界的10大技術(shù)之一。與傳統(tǒng)中心處理相比，無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有魯
