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1、主語從句與同位語從句Subjectclausesinthereadingpassage1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface3.Whatmanyscientistsbeliev
2、eisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.4....itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.5.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.6.Why…disappearedstillrema
3、insamystery.7.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞在主句中擔(dān)任主語、同位語的名詞性從句分別叫做主語從句和同位語從句。主Hisjobisimportant.語Whathedoesisimportant.主語從句Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.同位Idon’tknowaboutt
4、hefactthathe語isateacher.同位語從句SubjectClauses主語從句ConjunctionsofNounClauses（引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞）：從屬連詞that不可省略（不作成分）that,whether不用if連接代詞what(ever),which(ever);（作主、賓、who(ever),whom(ever),表、定）whose連接副詞when(ever),where(ver),（作狀語）how(ever),why引導(dǎo)詞一.that只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)主語從句中成分
5、，沒有意義，但不能省略。__T_h_a_t_s_h_e_l_e_f_t_h_im__hurtshimsomuch.（她離開他）1.T_h__a_t_w__e_s_h__a_ll_b__e_l_a_t_e_iscertain.（我們將遲到了）2._T_h_a_t_t_h_e__ea_r_t_h__is_r_o_u_n_d__isknowntoall.(地球是圓的)3._T_h_a_t_y_o_u__m__is_s_e_d_t_h_e_c_h_a_n__ce_isapity.(你錯過了這次機會)引導(dǎo)詞二
6、.whether“是否”，不做主語從句中成分，源于一般疑問句；“if”不能引導(dǎo)主語從句。_W__h_e_t_h_e_r_h_e_w__il_l_c_o_m__e_h_e_r_e___isnoteasytosay(他是否會來這兒）.×(Ifhewillcomehere...)三.連接代詞what等在從句中作主語、賓語等。_W_h_a_t_w__e_n_e_e_d__ismorepractice.（我們所需要的）四.連接副詞when等在從句中作狀語。W__h_e_n__w_e_w__il_l_b_e_g
7、_i_n_t_h_e_m__e_e_t_in_g_isunderdiscussion.注意一:主語從句后置!為了避免主語冗長,句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.→It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.→Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型:Itis+ad
8、j./n.(strange/apity/…)+that…Itis+v.-ed(said/reported…)+that…連It詞iswshteitlhlear,連p接u代zz詞lewwhaht,owhiot,wwhaicsh和th連a接t副詞when,where,why,how等引導(dǎo)主語從句,也常后置:toldhimthesecretyesterday.注意二:主語從句對應(yīng)的主句謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。但what/who等引導(dǎo)主語從句時，主句謂語單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)語境決定。Wh
