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1、水性聚氨酯的性能研究專業(yè)紡織工程學(xué)生姓名班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)指導(dǎo)教師完成日期水性聚氨酯的性能研究摘要：水性聚氨酯是指用水作介質(zhì)代替有機(jī)溶劑的一種聚氨酯體系。它具有不污染壞境、不易燃、氣味小、分子量大而粘度相對(duì)較低、易加工、節(jié)能、有光澤、高度耐磨、粘接力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可廣泛地用于涂覆、浸漬、粘接各種紡織品等各種材料基質(zhì)。主要研究影響水性聚氨酯性能的因素，通過(guò)二氧化硅改性前后對(duì)水性聚氨酯溶液和水性聚氨酯膜進(jìn)行各項(xiàng)性能測(cè)試來(lái)研究其各項(xiàng)物理性能。將二氧化硅改性前后的水性聚氨酯溶液分成兩大組，然后調(diào)配出濃度為1OOg/L、110g/L、120g/L的水性聚氨酯溶液，并測(cè)試其粘度和表面張力；然后將溶液分別在25°C、50
2、°C和80°C下成膜，并測(cè)試其接觸角、透濕性、吸水率、機(jī)械拉伸、紅外分析和熱重。結(jié)果顯示，經(jīng)過(guò)二氧化硅改性之后的水性聚氨酯在物理性能上有了很大的改善，首先是溶液的表面張力變小，再次是膜的測(cè)試反映出二氧化硅的改性使得膜的表面性能改善，透濕性增強(qiáng)，吸水性下降，拉伸性能得到很高的改善，同時(shí)提高了水性聚氨酯的耐熱性。關(guān)鍵詞：水性聚氨酯；濃度；膜；性能StudyOnPropertiesOfWaterbornePolyurethaneAbstract：Waterbornepolyurethane(WPU)referstowaterastheaqueouspolyurethaneinsteadoftheor
3、ganicsolventmediumofanewpolyurethanesystem.Ithasnopollution,non-flammable,lowodor,highmolecularweightandrelativelylowviscosity,easyprocessing,energy,shiny,highlywear-resistant,strongadhesion,etc.,canbewidelyusedincoating,dipping,stickythenallkindsofmaterialmatrixofvarioustextiles.Themainfactorsthati
4、nfluencetheperformanceofwaterbornepolyurethane,throughthefrontandrearofsilicamodifiedaqueouspolyurethanesolutionandanaqueouspolyurethanefilmtotheperformanceofteststostudyitsphysicalproperties.Theaqueouspolyurethanesolutionbeforeandaftermodificationofsilicondioxidedividedintotwogroups,andthendeployac
5、oncentrationoflOOg/L,llOg/L?120g/Laqueouspolyurethanesolutionandtestedforitsviscosityandsurfacetension;Thesolutionwasthenseparatelyatdifferenttemperatureduringdeposition,andtestthecontactangle,moisturepermeability,waterabsorption,mechanicaldrawing,infraredandthermalgravimetricanalysis.Theresultsshow
6、thattheaqueouspolyurethanethroughsilicaaftermodificationwiththegreatimprovementofthephysicalproperties,thefirstsolutiononthesurfacetensionissmaller,againreflectingthesilicondioxidefilmisatestofthemodifiedsuchthatthemembranesurfaceperformanceimprovement,enhancedmoisturepermeability,waterabsorptiondec
7、reasedtoobtainahightensilepropertiesimproved,whileimprovingtheheatresistanceoftheaqueouspolyurethane.Keywords：waterbornepolyurethane;concentration;membrane;performance摘要IIAbstractIll1緒論11.1研究目的和意義11.2
