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1、喵語言學術語英漢對照——考@翻譯碩士唯一認準@鬼谷一喵5喵第一章phonology音系學grammar語法學morphology形態(tài)學syntax句法學lexicology詞匯學generallinguistics普通語言學theoreticallinguistics理論語言學historicallinguistics歷史語言學descriptivelinguistics描寫語言學empiricallinguistics經(jīng)驗語言學dialectology方言學anthropology人類學stylistics文體學signifier
2、能指signified所指morphs形素morphotactics語素結構學/形態(tài)配列學syntacticcategories句法范疇syntacticclasses句法類別序列sub-structure低層結構super-structure上層結構opensyllable開音節(jié)closedsyllable閉音節(jié)checkedsyllable成阻音節(jié)rank?等級level層次ding-dongtheory/nativistictheory本能論sing-songtheory唱歌說yo-he-hotheory勞動喊聲說pooh-p
3、oohtheory感嘆說ta-tatheory模仿說animalcrytheory/bow-wowtheory模聲說Pragueschool布拉格學派Bilateralopposition雙邊對立Mutilateralopposition多邊對立Proportionalopposition部分對立Isolatedopposition孤立對立Privateopposition表缺對立Gradedopposition漸次對立Equipollentopposition均等對立Neutralizableopposition可中立對立Cons
4、tantopposition恒定對立Systemic-functionalgrammar系統(tǒng)功能語法Meaningpotential意義潛勢Conversationalimplicature會話含義Deictics指示詞Presupposition預設Speechacts言語行為Discourseanalysis話語分析Contetualism語境論Phaticcommunion寒暄交談Metalanguage原語言Appliedlinguistics應用語言學Nominalism唯名學派Psychosomatics身學第二章tra
5、chea/windpipe氣管tip舌尖blade舌葉/舌面front舌前部center舌中部top舌頂back舌后部dorsum舌背root舌跟pharynx喉/咽腔laryngeals喉音laryngealization喉化音vocalcords聲帶vocaltract聲腔initiator啟動部分pulmonicairstreammechanism肺氣流機制glottalicairstreammechanism喉氣流機制velaricairstreammechanism腭氣流機制Adam’sapple喉結Voicelessso
6、und清音Voicelessconsonant請輔音Voicedsound濁音Voicedconsonant濁輔音Glottalstop喉塞音Breathstate呼吸狀態(tài)Voicestate帶音狀態(tài)Whisperstate耳語狀態(tài)Closedstate封閉狀態(tài)Alveolarride齒齦隆骨Dorsum舌背Ejective呼氣音Glottalisedstop喉塞音Impossive內(nèi)爆破音Click/ingressive吸氣音Segmentalphonology音段音系學Segmentalphonemes音段音位Suprasegm
7、ental超音段5喵Non-segmental非音段Plurisegmental復音段Syntheticlanguage綜合型語言Diacriticmark附加符號Broadtranscription寬式標音Narrowtranscription窄式標音Orthoepy正音法Orthography正字法Etymology詞源Activearticulator積極發(fā)音器官Movablespeechorgan能動發(fā)音器官Passivearticulator消極發(fā)音器官Immovablespeechorgan不能動發(fā)音器官Lateral邊
8、音Approximant[j,w]無摩擦延續(xù)音Resonant共鳴音Centralapproximant中央無摩擦延續(xù)音Lateralapproximant邊無摩擦延續(xù)音Unilateralconsonant單邊輔音Bilateral
