2、ed8thAugust2012DOI:10.1039/c2jm34066fBecauseoftheiravailability,adjustablemicrostructure,varietiesofforms,andlargespeci?csurfacearea,porouscarbonmaterialsareofincreasinginterestforuseinhydrogenstorageadsorbentsandelectrodematerialsinsupercapacitorsandlithium–sulfurcellsfromtheviewpointof
3、socialsustainabilityandenvironmentalfriendliness.Therefore,muchefforthasbeenmadetosynthesizeandtailorthemicrostructuresofporouscarbonmaterialsviavariousactivationprocedures(physicalandchemicalactivation).Inparticular,thechemicalactivationofvariouscarbonsourcesusingKOHastheactivatingreage
4、ntisverypromisingbecauseofitsloweractivationtemperatureandhigheryields,andwell-de?ned21microporesizedistributionandultrahighspeci?csurfaceareaupto3000mgoftheresultingporouscarbons.Inthisfeaturearticle,wewillcoverrecentresearchprogresssince2007onthesynthesisofKOH-activatedcarbonsforhydro
5、genandelectricalenergystorage(supercapacitorsandlithium–sulfurbatteries).ThetexturalpropertiesandsurfacechemistryofKOH-activatedcarbonsdependonnotonlythesynthesisparameters,butalsodifferentcarbonsourcesemployedincludingfossil/biomass-derivedmaterials,syntheticorganicpolymers,andvariousna
6、nostructuredcarbons(e.g.carbonnanotubes,carbonnano?bers,carbonaerogels,carbide-derivedcarbons,graphene,etc.).FollowingtheintroductiontoKOHactivationmechanismsandprocessingtechnologies,thecharacteristicsandperformanceofKOH-activatedcarbonsaswellastheirrelationshipsaresummarizedanddiscusse
7、dthroughtheextensiveanalysisoftheliteraturebasedondifferentenergystoragesystems.DepartmentofInorganicChemistry,DresdenUniversityofTechnology,chemie.tu-dresden.de;stefan.kaskel@chemie.tu-dresden.de;Fax:+49Bergstrabe66,D-01069Dresden,Germany.E-mail:jiacheng.wang@35146337287
