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1、InstrumentalMotivation(工具型學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)）Instrumentalmotivationreferstolearnerswhotreattheacquisitionofasecondlanguageonlyasameanstoachievecertainaims.Theindividualhimselfdoesnothavetheinterestortheenvironmenttousehismothertonguefortheinteractionwithothers.工具型動(dòng)機(jī)是第二語言習(xí)得者對外語本身并無興趣或沒有與講母語的人進(jìn)行交際的條件,學(xué)習(xí)外語只是作為達(dá)到其他目的
2、的手段或工具,在閉塞的條件下,工具性動(dòng)機(jī)會(huì)顯示出較大的作用。因?yàn)?在此環(huán)境下,它是人們學(xué)習(xí)外語的唯一動(dòng)力。Example:GettingabetterjobPassinganexaminationMeetingtherequirementsforschooloruniversitygraduationBeingmoresuccessfulinbusinessdealingswithnativespeakersReadingtechnicalmaterialAchievinghighersocialstatus…結(jié)合我國的實(shí)際情況，由于受外語教學(xué)環(huán)境﹑中西語言和文化的差異﹑學(xué)習(xí)方法等因素的影響，
3、絕大多數(shù)外語學(xué)習(xí)者持工具型動(dòng)機(jī)。Integrativemotivation(融入型，原發(fā)型動(dòng)機(jī)）LearningtheL2inordertotakepartincultureofitspeople.Whenlearnerswanttolearnalanguagetobecomepartofaspeechcommunity(integrate一體化n.).學(xué)習(xí)者想?yún)⑴c到某種文化中?；虍?dāng)學(xué)習(xí)者想融入某種語言社區(qū)，與其一體化。Peoplewhoimmigratetonewcountriesaresomeexamplesofpeoplewhomaywanttoidentifywiththecommun
4、ityaroundthem.Animportantaspectofthisformoflanguagelearningisusinglanguageforsocialinteraction.Thisformofmotivationisthoughttoproducesuccessinlanguagelearners.Thisisoftencomparedtoinstrumentalmotivation.Peirce’ssocialtheoryofL2acquisitionL2acquisition=struggle+investment=engagewithnativespeakers+pre
5、parewelltochallengeSuccessfullearner=reflectcritically+constructandassertsocialidentitiesTheresult?shows?that?instrumental?motivation?plays?a?far?more?importantrole?incollegestudents'oralEnglish?learning?than?integrative?motivation?does.研究結(jié)果顯示：工具型動(dòng)機(jī)在學(xué)生英語口語學(xué)習(xí)中所起的作用遠(yuǎn)比融入型動(dòng)機(jī)大Amongthese?Gardner's?motivat
6、ion?theory?emphasizes?the?influence?of?integrativemotivation?on?language?learning?and?hasmuchimpact?ontheafterwardsresearches.語言學(xué)習(xí)社會(huì)教育動(dòng)機(jī)理論強(qiáng)調(diào)融入型動(dòng)機(jī)對語言學(xué)習(xí)的作用，對第二外語學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的研究影響深遠(yuǎn)。
