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1、圍產(chǎn)期及初產(chǎn)期奶牛的管理Transition&FreshCowManagement?我們的目標Whatistheobjectivehere??提高奶產(chǎn)量以獲取利潤Profitableincreaseinmilkproduction泌乳期40.0LactCurve每泌乳高峰期額外增加535.035.0公升，使下一泌乳期增加1噸30.030.0Extra5Litresatpeakgive>1extraTonperLactation25.025.0公升L20.015.010.05.00.0123456789101112月MonthofLacta
2、tion常見定義UsualDefinition§圍產(chǎn)期奶牛TheTransitioncow§產(chǎn)前3周到產(chǎn)后3周3wkspre-to3wkspost-calvingIprefertoextendthistoinclude泌乳后期>干奶期>臨產(chǎn)期>新產(chǎn)期>泌乳期LateLactation>Dry>Close-up>Fresh>HighCow泌乳后期奶牛的管理對于新產(chǎn)期奶牛以及下一個泌乳期的產(chǎn)奶量有極大的影響Themanagementofthelatelactationcowswillhaveabigimpactthroughtofreshco
3、wsandtheirmilkyieldofthenextlactation泌乳后期LateLactation?泌乳期前段的飼喂目標是盡可能提高干物質(zhì)采食量以使產(chǎn)奶峰值最大Thefeedingobjectiveinthe1sthalflactationistomaximizeDMItomaximizepeakmilk?泌乳期后段的飼喂目標應(yīng)使奶牛為產(chǎn)犢及下一個泌乳期達到正確的體況評分Thefeedingobjectiveforthe2ndhalfofthelactationshouldbetogetthecowintothecorrectB
4、CSforcalvingandthenextlactation體況評分BodyConditionScoring最高MaximumBCS體況評分最低Minimum干物質(zhì)DIM干奶期前體況評分的重要性Whyispredry-offBCSImportant??產(chǎn)犢前良好的體況評分值有巨大益處BigbenefitstohavingcowsinthecorrectBCSforcalving?干奶期時調(diào)整奶牛的體況評分是個錯誤的選擇AdjustingBodyConditionUporDownDuringtheDryPeriodisabadoption
5、?下一個泌乳期奶牛健康和產(chǎn)奶量將受到較大影響B(tài)igeffectsoncowhealthandmilkproductioninthenextlactation?體況偏高Overconditionedcows–產(chǎn)后體況損失更多Losemoreconditionpostpartum–干物質(zhì)采食高峰延遲ReachPeakDMIlater–有可能發(fā)生代謝疾病Atgreaterriskofmetabolicdisorders–繁殖成績差Poorreproductiveperformance?偏瘦的奶牛Thincows–能量儲存少Lessenergys
6、tores–達到產(chǎn)奶遺傳潛力的可能性低Lesslikelytoreachgeneticpotentialformilkyield奶牛的營養(yǎng)水平指導(dǎo)結(jié)合體況評分1.5-1.65千卡/公斤1.50-1.65Mcal/KgdependingonBCSq原則1Rule#1?干奶期前體況評分應(yīng)盡可能達到3.5GroupandfeedcowssothatasmanyaspossibleareBCS3.5priortoDryoff干奶階段DryPeriod?一個良好的干奶程序可以增加下一個泌乳階段產(chǎn)量約700公斤Agooddrycowprogramme
7、canincreasethenextlactationmilkyieldbymorethan700Kg干奶期程序DRYOFFProcedure時間When??不考慮產(chǎn)奶量預(yù)計產(chǎn)犢之前60天60Daysbeforeprojectedcalvingdateregardlessofmilkyield從現(xiàn)泌乳期到下一個泌乳期的長干奶期意味著奶損失Longtermdrycowscostmilkfromthecurrentlactationandinthenext.干奶期長的奶牛會出現(xiàn)產(chǎn)犢困難并增加代謝疾病Longtermdrycowshavedif
8、ficultycalvingandincreasedmetabolicproblems下一泌乳期的奶產(chǎn)量ChineseMilkProd.(Kg)ChangeinnextLactation300
