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1、中國農學通報2010,26(17):310-315ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin土壤重金屬污染評價方法進展范拴喜，甘卓亭，李美娟，張掌權，周旗（寶雞文理學院災害監(jiān)測與機理模擬陜西省重點實驗室，陜西寶雞721013）摘要：土壤重金屬污染是當今環(huán)境污染中污染面積最廣、危害最大的環(huán)境問題之一，受到人們的廣泛關注，因此國內外提出了眾多的重金屬污染評價方法，筆者將其進行系統(tǒng)的總結與歸納，為以后土壤重金屬污染評價研究奠定基礎；綜述了單因子指數(shù)評價法、內梅羅綜合污染指數(shù)法、幾何均值綜合評價模式、污染負荷指數(shù)法、地積累指數(shù)法、沉積物富集系數(shù)
2、法、潛在生態(tài)危害指數(shù)法，模糊數(shù)學法、灰色聚類法、基于GIS的地統(tǒng)計學評價法、健康風險評價方法、環(huán)境風險指數(shù)法等國內外典型的土壤重金屬污染評價方法及模型，分析了各種方法的優(yōu)劣之處和適用范圍；通過分析表明各種評價方法都有一定的局限和不足之處，在評價中要對實測數(shù)據(jù)樣本點進行充分分析，反復試驗比較，結合評價的目的和側重點選擇較優(yōu)的方法。最后提出根據(jù)實際的情況采用多種方法結合，同時，應該從重金屬污染生態(tài)效應著手，開發(fā)生物評價法。關鍵詞：土壤重金屬；污染評價；綜述；評價方法中圖分類號：S151.9+5文獻標志碼：A論文編號：2010-1277ProgressofAssess
3、mentMethodsofHeavyMetalPollutioninSoilFanShuanxi,GanZhuoting,LiMeijuan,ZhangZhangquan,ZhouQi（KeyLaboratoryofDisasterMonitoringandMechanismSimulating,BaojiUniversityofArtsandSciences,BaojiShanxi721013）Abstract：Itisoneofthemostwidelyareaanddamagingenvironmentalproblemsaboutsoilheavymet
4、alpollutionincurrent.So,itiswidespreadconcern,andreceivedgeneralattention.Anumberofassessmentmethodsofheavymetalpollutioninsoilhavebeenproposedathomeandabroad,andwhichhadanalyzedandmadeaconclusionbyauthor,whichwouldlayafoundationforassessmentofheavymetalpollutioninsoil.Thesinglefacto
5、rindex,nemerowindexmethod,comprehensiveevaluationmodeofgeometricmean,pollutionloadindex,indexofgeo-accumulation,thepotentialecologicalriskindex,sedimentenrichmentfactor,potentialecologicaleiskindex,fuzzymathematicalmethod,greyclusteringmethod,geostatisticsmethodonGIS,methodforhealthr
6、iskassessment,methodofenvironmentriskindex,andsoontypicalsoilheavymetalpollutionassessmentmethodsandmodelsindomesticandforeignweresummarized.Theadvantages,disadvantagesandapplicationrangeofthosemethodswereanalyzed.Itwasindicatedbythecomparisonanalysisthatavarietyofevaluationmethodsha
7、dcertainlimitationsandinadequacies.Itwasnecessaryforselectingbetterevaluationmethodstocarryoutfullanalysisofthesamplepoints,comparisonoftrialanderrorwiththepurposeofevaluationandfocusoninpollutionassessmentofsoilheavymetals.Finally,combiningavarietyofmethodsaccordingtotheactualsituat
8、ionwasputfor
