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1、JournalofEngineeringGeology工程地質(zhì)學(xué)報(bào)1004-9665/2012/20(1)一0058—08城市和郊區(qū)淺部地溫場(chǎng)差異施斌①唐朝生①高磊①姜洪濤②劉春①(①南京大學(xué)地球科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院南京210093)(②南京大學(xué)地理與海洋科學(xué)學(xué)院南京210093)摘要為了了解和掌握城市和郊區(qū)淺部地溫場(chǎng)的變化規(guī)律,在南京市城區(qū)和郊區(qū)分別建設(shè)了長(zhǎng)期觀測(cè)站,并選擇了多個(gè)隨機(jī)觀測(cè)點(diǎn),獲得了一批地溫場(chǎng)資料,通過(guò)分析發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)城市地溫場(chǎng)年平均溫度為19.23~C,比郊區(qū)高2.02℃,存在顯著的城市熱島現(xiàn)象。(2)城
2、區(qū)和郊區(qū)地溫場(chǎng)存在明顯的時(shí)空差異:在時(shí)間序列上,城郊地溫場(chǎng)日平均溫差波動(dòng)幅度較大,變化范圍為0.37—3.83~C;月平均溫差變化范圍為1.34—2.9~C,最小平均溫差出現(xiàn)在11月,最大平均溫差出現(xiàn)在7月;季平均溫差變化范圍為1.53~2.45~C,其中夏季平均溫差最高,秋季最小。在深度空間上,日氣候因素對(duì)地溫場(chǎng)的臨界影響深度約為60cm,在此臨界深度以下,每增加100cm,月平均最高/低溫出現(xiàn)時(shí)間滯后約1個(gè)月;在0—300era深度內(nèi),城郊地溫差總體上隨深度的增加有遞增趨勢(shì)。在平面空間上,城郊地溫場(chǎng)的分布很不均勻
3、,而且城區(qū)地溫場(chǎng)的不均勻性更加突出。關(guān)鍵詞地溫場(chǎng)城市熱島效應(yīng)時(shí)空特征南京市長(zhǎng)期觀測(cè)中圖分類號(hào):P463.3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:ADIFFERENCESINSHALLoWSOILTEMPERATURESATURBANANDRURALAREASSHIBin①TANGChaosheng~GAOLei~JIANGHongtao~UUChun&((~)SchoolofEanhSciencesandEngineering,NangUniversity,Nanjing210093)((~SchoolofGeographicandOcean
4、ographicSciences,NangUnive~iq,Nanjing210093)AbstractForbetterunderstandingthechangebehavioroftemperatureinurbanandruralshallowsoils,twolong—termobservationstationswerebuiltandalargeamountofmeasurementpointswerealsoselectedinurbanandruralareasofNanjingcity.Byana
5、lyzingtheobtainedsoiltemperaturedata.itisf0undthattheaverageannualtempera—tureofurbansoilis19.23~C.Itis2.02~(2hilgherthanthatoftheruralsoil.Suchresultrevealsanobviousdryis—landeffectintheurbansoil.Thesoiltemperaturedifferencesbetweenurbanandruralareasshoweviden
6、ttemporal—spatialcharacteristics.Intemporalpattern,theaveragedailytemperaturedifferencebetweenurbanandruralsoilsrangesfrom0.37to3.83oC,andshowssignificantvariabilityovershorttimescales.Theaveragemonthlydiferencerangesfrom1.34to2.9℃.Theminimumandmaximummonthlydi
7、fferencesoccurinNovemberandJulyrespec—tively.,rheaverageseasonaldifferencerangesfrom1.53to2.45~C.Theminimumandmaximumseasonaldifer—encesoccurinsummerandautumnrespectively.Inspatialpattern,thecriticalafecteddepthofdailysynoptice—ventsonsoiltemperatureisapproxima
8、tely60cm.Belowthiscriticaldepth,thereisatimedelaytotheefectsofsyn一}收稿剛胡:2011—05—20;收到修改稿日期:2011—10—25.基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(40730739),國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(4107221041072211)和高等學(xué)校博士點(diǎn)基金(2008