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1、第38卷第6期非金屬礦VO1.38NO.62015年11月Non—MetallicMinesNovember,2015硅藻精土酸浸.煅燒增白工藝與性能表征劉姝抒薛彥雷孫志明張雁嗚李金輝。鄭水林(1中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)(北京)化學(xué)與環(huán)境工程學(xué)院,北京100083;2臨江北峰硅藻土有限公司,吉林臨江220681)摘要以經(jīng)過物理選礦處理后的硅藻精土為原料,采用硫酸酸浸和煅燒進(jìn)行增白工藝研究。探討了酸浸溫度、酸浸時(shí)間、硫酸濃度、液固比對(duì)硅藻土增白效果的影響,并對(duì)酸浸增白硅藻土樣品的白度、化學(xué)成分、礦物成分及顆粒形貌等進(jìn)行了表征。結(jié)果表明,硅藻土酸浸增白的適宜工藝條件是:
2、酸浸溫度98℃、酸浸時(shí)間4h、硫酸濃度5mol/L、液固比2.5:l(mL/g)、煅燒溫度600℃、煅燒時(shí)間2h;酸浸處理能有效去除黏土類礦物和石英、長(zhǎng)石等雜質(zhì),煅燒能有效去除有機(jī)質(zhì);經(jīng)過增白處理,硅藻土白度從41.8%提高到80.6%,二氧化硅含量從82.11%提高到93.78%。關(guān)鍵詞硅藻土;浸出;煅燒;性能表征中圖分類號(hào):TD985;TQ424.22文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1000-8098(2O15)06-0056-03ResearchandPerformanceCharacterizationofAcidLeachingandCalcinati
3、onsforImprovementofWhitenessofDiatomiteLiuShushuXueYanleiSunZhimingZhangYanming2LiJinhuiZhengShuilin(1SchoolofChemicalandEnvironmentalEngineering,ChinaUniversityofMiningandTechnology(Beijing),Beijing100083;2Li~iangBeifengDiatomiteLimitedCompany,Linjiang,Jilin100083)AbstractThewhi
4、tenessofdiatomitepurifiedbyphysicalseparationwasimprovedbysulfuricacidleachingandcalcinationsprocess.Theinfluenceoftheleachingtemperature,leachingtime,concentrationofsulfuricacid,liquid—solidratioonthebleachingeffectandthecharacteristicsofacidleachingdiatomiteincludingchemicalcom
5、ponent,whiteness,mineralcomposition,particlemorphologywerestudiedinthispaper.Theexperimentalresultsshowedthattheoptimumconditionswerethattheleachingtemperaturewas98℃,theleachingtimewas4h,theconcentrationofsulfuricacidwas5mol/L,theliquid—solidratiowas2.5:l(mL/g),thecalcinationtemp
6、eraturewas600℃andthecalcinationtimewas2h.Thesulfuricacidleachingprocesscouldeficientlyremovequartz,feldsparandclayminerals,andtheorganicmatercouldberemovedbycalcination.Thewhitenessofdiatomitewasimprovedfrom41.8%to80.6%,andtheSiO2contentofdiatomitewasimprovedfrom82.11%to93.78%.Ke
7、ywordsdiatomite;acidleaching;calcina【ion;performancecharacterization硅藻土是一種含硅質(zhì)的生物沉積巖,主要由古代浸增白硅藻土樣品的自度、化學(xué)成分、礦物成分、表面硅藻遺骸組成【l】。其礦物成分主要是蛋白石及其變種,官能團(tuán)及顆粒形貌等進(jìn)行了表征。其次是高嶺石、水云母等黏土礦物和礦物碎屑[2]。硅1實(shí)驗(yàn)部分藻土具有很多特殊的理化性能,如大的孔隙率、比表1.1原料硅藻土樣品取自吉林省臨江市,是經(jīng)過物面積和較強(qiáng)的吸附性能,還有耐酸、耐熱、耐磨、絕緣、理選礦后的硅藻精土(JT),由臨江北峰硅藻土有限公
8、質(zhì)輕等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此,硅藻土廣泛用于生產(chǎn)助濾劑、輕司提供。硅藻土精礦自度為41.8%