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1、第42卷,第11期工程塑料應(yīng)用Vo1.42.No.112014年11月ENGINEERINGPLASTICSAPPLICAT10NNOV.2014doi:lO.3969q.issn.1001-3539.2014.11.001PCDL/MDI型熱塑性聚氨酯彈性體的制備與性能王玉龍,李振中,白靜靜(太原工業(yè)學院材料工程系,太原030008)摘要:以聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)、4,4’.二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯(MDI)和1,4一丁二醇(BDO)為原料,通過兩步法制備了硬段含量分別為31%,38%,44%的PCDL/MDI型熱塑性聚氨酯(PUR-T)彈性體,并利用拉力試驗
2、機,邵氏硬度計,x射線衍射儀,維卡軟化點測定儀,動態(tài)流變儀和偏光顯微鏡等測試表征手段,對PUR—T彈性體的力學性能、耐熱變形性能、動態(tài)流變性能以及結(jié)晶等進行了研究。結(jié)果表明,隨著硬段含量的增加,PUR-T彈性體的硬度、拉伸強度和定伸應(yīng)力均逐漸增大,而斷裂伸長率呈下降趨勢,其中當硬段含量為44%時,PUR.T彈性體的邵氏A硬度為91。拉伸強度達到24.78MPa,300%定伸應(yīng)力為12.40MPa,而斷裂伸長率為558.62%;X射線衍射圖中只有寬的漫散射峰,沒有銳的結(jié)晶峰,表明PUR.T彈性體呈無定形狀態(tài);PUR-T彈性體的硬段含量為31%時,維卡軟化溫度為8
3、3~(2,而PUR.T彈性體的硬段含量為44%時,維卡軟化溫度達到128~(3,抗熱變形能力顯著提高;PUR-T彈性體的熔體復數(shù)黏度均隨著角頻率的增加而下降,表現(xiàn)為剪切變稀現(xiàn)象,材料為假塑性流體,并且PUR—T彈性體的儲能模量均隨著溫度的升高而降低;經(jīng)過熱處理后,PUR—T彈性體均有球晶生成,且結(jié)晶能力隨硬段含量的增加而提高。關(guān)鍵詞:聚氨酯;彈性體;聚碳酸酯二醇;4,4’.二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯;結(jié)晶性能中圖分類號:TQ323.8文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1001-3539(2014)11—0001-05PreparationandPropertiesofPCDL
4、/MDITypeThermoplasticPolyurethaneElastomerWangYulong,LiZhenzhong,BaiJingjing(DepartmentofMaterialsEngineering,TaiyuanInstituteofTechnology,Taiyuan030008,China)Abstract:Usingpolycarbonatediol(PCDL),4,4’一tWOphenylmethanediisocyanate(MDI)and1,4-butanediol(BDO)asrawmaterials,aseriesofno
5、velthermoplasticpolyurethane(PUR-T)elastomercontaining33%,38%,44%hardsegmentwerepreparedbytwo—typemethod.ThePUR-Telastomerpropertiessuchasmechanicalproperties,thermaldeformationresistance,dynamicrheologicalpropertiesandcrystallizationpropertiesweretestedbytensiletestingmachine,shore
6、hardnesstester,X—raydifractometer,thermaldeformationvicatpointtester,dynamicrheometer,polarizingmicroscope,etc..Theresultsshowthatthehardness,tensilestrengthandstressatdefiniteelongationofPUR—Telastomerincreaseswhenthecontentofhardsegmentincreases,whereastheelongationatbreakdecrease
7、s.Specifically,thePUR—Telastomerwith44%hardsegmenthasthebestcomprehensivemechanicalandphysicatpropertieswiththeshoreAhardnessbeing91,thetensiles~engthbeing24.78MPa,the300%stressatdefiniteelongationbeing12.40MPaandtheelongationatbreakbeing558.62%.Thewidediffusescatteringpeaksareonlyo
8、bservedinX—raydifra