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1、第26卷第3期傳感技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào)V01.26No.32013年3月CHINESEJOURNALOFSENSORSANDACTUATORSMar.2013AnEnergyBalancedClusteringRoutingProtocolforWSNLIJianzhou,WANGHaitao,TAOAn(1.CollegeofCommunicationEngineering,PUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanfing210007;2.InformationManagementCenter,PUniv
2、ersityofScienceandTechnology,Nang210007,China;3.PL4No.93861Troop,430040,China)Abstract:EnergyconservationisoneoftheresearchhotspotsinWSN,whileroutingprotocolshavedirectimpactonenergyconsumption.Onthebasisofanalyzingtheexistingclusteringmulti-hoproutingprotocols,aclus
3、ter-basedroutingprotocol(EBCRP)thatconsidersmultiplefactorstobalanceenergyconsumptionisproposed.InEBCRP,relayclusterheadsareselectedbyconsideringthedistanceanddirectiontoitself,experiencefactorismultipliedtomakethattheprobabilitybeingaclusterheadchangeswiththedistanc
4、efromthenodetotheSinkbynegativeexpo-nentialfunction;relayclusterheadswaitforacertaintimetofacilitatedatafusion,whichisinverselyproportionaltothedistancefromtheSinktoitself;inaddition,therotationcycleisdiscussedbysimulation,andanoptimalcycleisdetermined.Thesimulationr
5、esultsshowthatEBCRPcanenableWSNthatthefirstnodedeathpostponed,morebalancedenergyconsumption,longerlifetime.Keywords:wirelesssensornetworks;energybalance;clusteredroute;distanceanddirection;rotationcycleEEACC:7230doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1699.2013.03.020一種能耗均衡的WSN分簇路由協(xié)
6、議術(shù)李建洲’,王海濤,陶安(1.解放軍理工大學(xué)通信T程學(xué)院,南京210007;2.解放軍理工大學(xué)信息管理中心,南京210007;3.中國(guó)人民解放軍95174部隊(duì),430040)摘要:節(jié)能問題是WSN的研究熱點(diǎn)之一,而路由協(xié)議對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗有直接影響。在對(duì)已存在的分簇多跳路由協(xié)議進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種考慮多種因素來均衡節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗的分簇多跳路由協(xié)議——EBcRP。EBCRP協(xié)議中,選擇中繼簇頭時(shí)綜合考慮了鄰近簇頭相對(duì)自身的距離和方向;加入經(jīng)驗(yàn)因子使簇頭概率隨節(jié)點(diǎn)與Sink的距離成負(fù)指數(shù)變化;中繼簇頭進(jìn)行一定時(shí)間的等待以便數(shù)據(jù)融合,等
7、待時(shí)間與它到Sink的距離成反比;另外,還通過仿真確立了較優(yōu)的輪轉(zhuǎn)周期。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,EBCRP協(xié)議能夠使WSN網(wǎng)絡(luò)第一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的死亡時(shí)間明顯延后,節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗更均衡,生命期更長(zhǎng)。關(guān)鍵詞:無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò);能耗均衡;分簇路由;距離和角度;輪轉(zhuǎn)周期中圖分類號(hào):TP393文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1004—1699(2013)03—0396—06無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)WSN(WirelessSensor量、通信沖突和傳播時(shí)延,提高信道利用率和能量效Network)是由大量具有一定計(jì)算和通信能力的傳感率,均衡節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗以及延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)壽命。本文以理器相互
8、協(xié)作而形成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。WSN在軍事國(guó)防、工農(nóng)想環(huán)境為背景,暫不考慮信道干擾、通信沖突和網(wǎng)絡(luò)業(yè)、環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、智能家居、搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)等領(lǐng)域環(huán)境變化等因素。有巨大的實(shí)用價(jià)值。WSN部署環(huán)境常常較特殊,如分簇多跳路由協(xié)議利用簇結(jié)構(gòu),進(jìn)行局部管理野外、戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)、科考、救災(zāi)環(huán)境