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1、大學(xué)英語三級(jí)張聰霞第一章動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)間：過去(Past)、現(xiàn)在(Present)、將來(Future)時(shí)間面（一般時(shí)態(tài)）doV時(shí)間點(diǎn)（進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）be+VVing時(shí)間段（完成時(shí)態(tài)）haveVed這樣構(gòu)成9種時(shí)態(tài),再加上下列3種，總共12種時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)havebeendoing過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)hadbeendoing將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)willhavebeendoing一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(SimplePresent)(現(xiàn)在、時(shí)間面)表示經(jīng)常、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與always,often,usually,sometimes,everyday等連用。Hegoestoschooleveryday.
2、SheisourEnglishteacher.表示永恒的狀態(tài)或客觀真理Knowledgeispower.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(SimplePresent)(現(xiàn)在、時(shí)間面)表示已經(jīng)預(yù)先計(jì)劃或安排的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。arrive,come,go,start,begin,leave,return。句中常有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語Thetrainstartsat9o’clockinthemorning.Theplanetakesoffatfive.Weleaveatninetomorrow.不
3、是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Herecomesthebus.Hereweare.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(SimplePresent)(現(xiàn)在、時(shí)間面)在時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，表示將來的動(dòng)作。Ifitisfinetomorrow,wewillgotocountryside.(=willbe)Whentheharvesttimecomes,pleasecomeandhelpgetinthecrops.We’llstartassoonasyouareready.NexttimeI’lldoashesays.一般過去時(shí)(SimplePast)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。Isawhimyesterday.Sh
4、eboughtthebiketwoyearsago.WhenIstudiedintheuniversity,Ireadaloudeverymorning.Sheusedtocarryanumbrella.(“過去常?！?一般將來時(shí)(SimpleFuture)形式：第一人稱---shalldo第二人稱--willdo美語中，一律用willdo用法:表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)。Hewillcomeandhelpyou.Iwill(shall)readaloudeveryday.一般將來時(shí)(SimpleFuture)begoingtodo:表示打算或?qū)⒁伞?馬上就要發(fā)生的事。It’sgoingt
5、orain.Wearegoingtoseehimthisafternoon.Thereisgoingtobeameetingherethisevening.beabouttodo:即將發(fā)生的事Thelectureisabouttobegin.一般將來時(shí)(SimpleFuture)betodo:&1表示安排、計(jì)劃好的動(dòng)作Wearetoputupanewschoolbytheriver.Whenisthefactorytogointoproduction?&2表示要求、命令某人做某事YouaretostayhereuntilIcomeback.Youarenottobringanybooksto
6、theexam-room.beonthepointofdoing:Johnwasonthepointofleavingwhenthetelegramarrived.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(presentProgressive)bedoing此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Theteacheristalkingwithhisstudents.現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，但此刻并不一定進(jìn)行。Wearedoinganexperimentthisweek.I’mattendingaconferenceinBeijing.有時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作。go,come,start,leaveWe’releavingforShanghaitomor
7、row.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(PastProgressive)過去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Iwaswritingapaperinthelibraryyesterday.一個(gè)過去動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，另一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行Iwasgoingoverthestudents’paperswhenhecamein.兩個(gè)過去動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行TheywereplayingbasketballwhileIwasplayingtennis.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(Pres
