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1、南方農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)JOURNALOFSOUTHERNAGRICULTUREISSN2095—1191；CODENNNXAABhttp：／／www．nfnyxb．silDOI：10．39696：issn．2095-1191．2013．11．1851不同施氮量對(duì)稻田氨揮發(fā)損失的影響區(qū)惠平a，周柳強(qiáng)a，黃金生a，曾艷，韋運(yùn)蘭，黃美福，謝如林，劉昔輝，譚宏偉(廣西農(nóng)科院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與環(huán)境研究所；甘蔗研究所，南寧530007)摘要：【目的】研究不同施氮量對(duì)稻田氨揮發(fā)損失的影響，為解決稻田氮素低利用率提供參考依據(jù)?！痉椒ā坷秒p季稻田間試驗(yàn)，采用動(dòng)態(tài)室法監(jiān)測(cè)基肥和穗肥施用不同用量氮素后的土壤氨揮發(fā)
2、特征及田面水氮形態(tài)含量特征。【結(jié)果】早稻基肥期土壤氨揮發(fā)損失峰值于施肥后第5d出現(xiàn)，第9d接近對(duì)照水平；晚稻同期及穗肥期土壤氨揮發(fā)損失峰值均于施肥后第1d出現(xiàn)。基肥氨揮發(fā)損失量低于穗肥，晚稻高于早稻。早、晚稻平均氨揮發(fā)損失率分別為12．99％和21．79％。施氮提高氨揮發(fā)損失量和累積損失量，且隨施氮量的增加而呈現(xiàn)不同程度地增加。氨揮發(fā)損失率隨施氮量的增加而降低。相關(guān)分析表明，氨揮發(fā)損失量和磷肥施用量均與田面水銨態(tài)氮、硝態(tài)氮和溶解性總氮含量呈顯著或極顯著直線正相關(guān)?！窘Y(jié)論】施氮通過(guò)提高田面水氮含量促進(jìn)稻田氨揮發(fā)損失。通過(guò)合理施肥、改變肥料特性等措施降低施肥后田面水中氮含量降低，
3、從而減少稻田土壤氨揮發(fā)損失。關(guān)鍵詞：水稻田；施氮量；氨揮發(fā)；田面水氮含量；降低措施中圖分類號(hào)：s511．062文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號(hào)：2095—1191(2013)11-1851-05NitrogenapplicationilmpactonammoniavolatilizatioIni‘npaddyfieldouHui-ping，ZHOULiu-qiang，HUANGJin-sheng，ZENGYan，WEIYun-lan，HUANGMei—fu，XIERu—lin，LIUXi—hui，TANHong—wei(AgriculturalResourcesandEnvironme
4、ntalResearchInstitute，GuangxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，Nanning530007，China；SugarcaneResearchInstitute，GuangxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences，Nanning530007，China)Abstract：【Objective】Theeffectsofnitrogenfertilizationrateonammoniavolatilization(AV)inpaddyfieldwerestudiedtoprovidereferencesfo
5、rimprovingnitrogenapplicationrateinpaddyfield．【Method】BothoftheAVandnitrogencontentsinsurfacewaterindouble—ricecroppingpaddyfieldtreatedwithvariousratesofnitrogenfertilizerwereinvesti．gatedusingdynamicchambermethod．【Result】TheAVlossreachedpeakonthefifthdayinearlycroppingriceatbasalfertilize
6、rstage，andreachedtheleve1oftheeontrolontheninthday．AVlOSSpeakvalueoflatecroppingriceandtop—dressingperiodsawitsmaximumonthefirstdayoffertilizing．ThetotalamountofAVlOSSwaslessatbasalfertilizerthanthatatthepanicleinitiationstage，whilewasmoreinlatecroppingricethanthatinearlycroppingrice．During
7、thewholericegrowingseason，AVlossaccountedfor12．99％and21．79％ofappliedNforearlycroppingriceandlatecroppingrice，respectively．Meanwhile，AVlossandaccumulativelossincreasedwiththeincreaseofapplicationrateofnitrogenfertilizerinpaddyfield．However．AVlOSSratereduc
