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1、中國虐學(xué)通報2013,29(34):9095ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin不同種植年限蘋果園土壤理化性質(zhì)與酶活性研究杜靜靜,張永清,馬大龍,張希云,陳軼楠,李育鵬(山西師范大學(xué)城市與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院,山西臨汾041004)摘要:為了評價不同年限蘋果園對土壤理化性質(zhì)和酶活性影響,對吉縣1年、6年、8年、11年和19年蘋果園土壤進(jìn)行取樣調(diào)查,并應(yīng)用Pearson~I關(guān)分析法對土壤理化性質(zhì)和酶活性進(jìn)行了分析。統(tǒng)計分析結(jié)果表明:隨著種植年限的增加,果園土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)、有效磷、有效銅、有效鋅
2、、有效錳及水溶性鹽含量在不同深度_+.--~(0N20em、20-40cm、40~60cm)均呈先下降后上升的趨勢;速效鉀和全氮在上層fO~20cm)和中層(2O~4Ocm)、有效鐵在上層也呈現(xiàn)出先下降后上升的趨勢。不同深度土層土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶的活性隨種植年限增加而變化的趨勢與土壤養(yǎng)分基本一致,土壤過氧化物酶活性也與土壤有機(jī)碳、有機(jī)質(zhì)、有效磷等養(yǎng)分含量呈顯著相關(guān)。果園土壤養(yǎng)分隨種植年限的增加大致呈現(xiàn)生長前期下降而盛果期上升的現(xiàn)象;土壤酶活性受土壤理化性質(zhì),尤其是有效磷、有機(jī)物含量等因素的影響較大。關(guān)鍵詞:蘋果園
3、;土壤;理化性質(zhì);酶活性中圖分類號:S158.3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A論文編號:2013.0920StudyontheSoilPhysical-chemicalPropertiesandEnzymeActivitiesinAppleOrchardswithDiferentPlantingYearsDuJingjing,ZhangYongqing,MaDalong,ZhangXiyun,ChenYinan,LiYupeng(CollegeofUrbanandEnvironmentalScience,ShanxiNorma
4、lUniversity,LinfenShanxi041004)Abstract:Toevaluatetheeffectofappleorchardswithdifferentplantingyearsonsoilphysical——chemicalpropertiesandactivitiesofsoileneyme,thestudyaimingsoilsamplesweretakenfromappleorchardsfor1year,6years,8years,11years,19yearsinJixianw
5、asconductedtosurvey,andthecorrelativitybetweensoilphysical——chemicalpropertiesandactivitiesofsoilenzymewasanalyzedwithPearsoncorrelationanalysis.Thestatisticalanalysisindicatedthatwiththetimeofplantingincreasing,thecontentofsoilorganicmatter,availableP,Cu,Zn
6、,Mnandwater—solublesaltfirstlydeclinedandthenincreasedindifferentdepthsofsoillayers(0—20cm,20-40cm,40-60cm)inappleorchards;thesoilavailableKandtotalNhadafirstlydecreaseandthenincreasetrendinupperlayer(0-20cm),whichwasasthesametendencyasinmiddlelayer(20—40cm)
7、;thesoilavailableFefirstlydeclinedandthenincreasedinupperlayer(0—20era).Theactivitiesofurease,invertasehadthesametrendwithsoilnutrientsindifferentdepthsofsoillayers,andtheactivityofcatalasehadasignificantcorrelationwithsoilorganiccarbon,organicmatterandavail
8、ableP.Withthetimeofplantingincreasing,soilnutrientcontentgenerallyrendersthephenomenonwhichdeclineinearlygrowthstageandthenroseinfullbearingperiod.Soilenzymeactivitywasgreatlyaffectedbysoilphysi