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1、第27卷第11期巖石力學(xué)與工程學(xué)報(bào)V_01.27NO.112008年11月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineering.ⅣlDv,2008卸荷條件下花崗巖力學(xué)特性試驗(yàn)研究黃潤(rùn)秋,黃達(dá)(1.成都理工大學(xué)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治與地質(zhì)環(huán)境保護(hù)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,四川成都6100592.重慶大學(xué)土木工程學(xué)院,重慶400045)摘要:基于巖石試件的卸荷試驗(yàn),研究卸荷條件下巖石的變形、參數(shù)及破裂特征。研究結(jié)果表明:r1)卸荷過(guò)程中巖石向卸荷方向回彈變形較為強(qiáng)烈、擴(kuò)容顯著,脆性破壞特征明顯。(2卸荷過(guò)程中巖石的變
2、形模量E逐漸減小,泊松比漸增大,E減小了5%~27%,而增大了50%~335%,變化均隨初始圍壓的增大和卸荷強(qiáng)度的增強(qiáng)而增大,兩者均與體積應(yīng)變相關(guān)。0)相對(duì)于加載試驗(yàn),卸荷巖石的C減小而增大,且卸荷強(qiáng)度愈強(qiáng),C減小得越多,曾大的程度越小。峰值c減小了33.2%~47.8%,而殘余c為正常值的65.3%~77.6%,峰值增加了14.7%~33.2%,而殘余大了5.9%49.4%。(4)卸荷條件下巖石破壞具有較強(qiáng)的張性破裂特征,各種級(jí)別的張裂隙發(fā)育,雙向卸荷時(shí)甚至在次卸荷方向上也可能出現(xiàn)張拉裂隙,剪性破裂面一般追隨張拉裂隙發(fā)展。關(guān)
3、鍵詞:巖石力學(xué);三峽花崗巖;卸荷試驗(yàn);變形特征;力學(xué)參數(shù);破裂機(jī)制中圈分類號(hào);Tu45文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1000—6915(2008)11—2205—09EXPERIMENTALRESEARCHoNMECHANICALPRoPERTIESoFGRANITESUNDERUNLoADINGCoNDITIoNHUANGRunqiu,HUANGDa'(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofGeohazardPreventionandGeoenvironmentProtection,ChengduUniversityofTe
4、chnology,Chengdu,Sichuan610059,China;2.CollegeofCivilEngineering,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400045,Ch/na)Abstract:Basedonunloadingtestsofrocksamples,thedeformation,parametersandfracturefeaturesofrocksunderunloadingarestudied.Thetestresultsshowthtat:(1)Thecharacter
5、isticsofintensereboundde~ormation,distinctdilatancyandbrittlenessfailureofrocksareallshownintheprocessoftmloading.(2)DeformationmodulusEgraduallydecreasesandPoissonratioincreasesintheprocessofunloading.ThedeceasingamountofEis5%一27%,while/1increasing50%一335%.TI1evari
6、ablesallincreasewithinitialconfiningpressureincreasingandunloadingintensity,whicharerelatedwithvolumetricstrain.(3)ThecohesionCdecreasesbuttheinternalfrictionangleincreasesrelativelywiththeloadingtests,andbotharelesswithunloadingintensity.ThepeakvalueofCdecreases33.
7、2%一47.8%,andremainsnormaljvalueof65-3%一77.6%;peakvalueofincreases14.7%一33.2%,andremainsnormalvalueof5.9%一9.4%.(4)Thefractureischaracterizedbystrongtensile,andalltensilecracksarefullydeveloped,showinghypo.-unloadingwhentherocksamplesareunloadedintwodirections;andthes
8、hearfracturesexpandfollowingtensilecracks.Keywords:rockmechanics;ThreeGorgesgranites;unloadingtest;deformationfeature;mechanicalparameters