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1、吉林農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2013,38(5):25—28JournalofJilinAgriculturalSciences文章編號(hào):1003—8701(2013)05-0025—04鉀調(diào)控對(duì)大豆莖稈抗倒性能的影響陳喜鳳,孫寧,谷巖,趙福林,何文安,楊巍,吳春勝,王振民,趙福林(1.吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)作物研究中心/吉林省大豆區(qū)域技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心,長(zhǎng)春130118;2.吉林省農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院,長(zhǎng)春130033;3.吉林省農(nóng)安縣巴吉壘農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣站,吉林農(nóng)安130200)摘要:針對(duì)目前大豆生產(chǎn)中的倒伏問(wèn)題,本文通過(guò)設(shè)定低鉀、中鉀、高鉀3個(gè)鉀肥施用
2、量,開(kāi)展了鉀調(diào)控對(duì)大豆植株地上部莖稈抗倒性能影響的研究。結(jié)果表明:通過(guò)鉀調(diào)控提高了植株莖稈的抗倒能力。具體表現(xiàn)為,施用鉀肥使莖稈基部1到5節(jié)節(jié)間長(zhǎng)度縮短、節(jié)間粗增大、并降低了最大節(jié)間粗所在的節(jié)位。與未施用鉀肥比較,鉀調(diào)控使植株重心高度降低、基部各莖節(jié)節(jié)間鮮重和單位莖長(zhǎng)鮮物質(zhì)重增加,同時(shí),明顯提高了莖稈各節(jié)位的壓碎強(qiáng)度,增強(qiáng)了莖稈的抗折能力,提高了地上部植株的抗倒伏能力。不同鉀肥處理下倒伏發(fā)生級(jí)數(shù)為:低鉀>高鉀>中鉀。關(guān)鍵詞:大豆;鉀調(diào)控;莖稈;抗倒性能中圖分類號(hào):$565.1文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:AEffectofPotas
3、siumRegulationonStemLodgingResistanceofSoybeanCHENXi—feng,SUNNing,GUYan1,ZHAOFu—lin。,HEWen-an。,YANGWei,WUChun-sheng,WANGZhen-min,ZHAOFu-lin(1.CropResearchCenter,JilinAgriculturalUniversity/TheInnovationCenterofSoybeanRegionTechnology,Changchun130118;2.JilinAca
4、demyofagricuhuralSciences,Changchun130033;3.BAjileiAgriculturalTechnologyExtensionstationofNonganCounty,Nongan130200,China)Abstract:Accordingtotheproblemofsoybeanlodginginproduction,threelevelsofpotassiumapplica—tionratesweredesignedtocomparethel0dging—resista
5、ncecharactersofsoybeanstem.Theresultsshowedthatthepotassiumregulationincreasedthestemlodging-resistanceabilityofsoybean.Applicationofpotas—siumfertilizermadethelengthoffirsttofifthinternodesfrombasalshortened,diameterincreasedandposi—tionofmaximumdiameterofint
6、ernodesshifteddown.Comparedwithnoapplicationofpotassiumfertilizer,potassiumregulationmadetheplantcentreofgravityheightdescended,thefreshweightofbasalinternodesandthefreshweightofunitlengthofinternodesincreased.Atthesametime,thestemcrushingstrengthofeachnode,st
7、embendingcapacityandthesteml0dging—resistanceabilitywereallimproved.Thelodgingde—greeindifferentpotassiumfertilizertreatmentwas:lowpotassium>highpotassium>middlepotassium.Keywords:Soybean;Potassiumregulation;Stem;Lodgingresistancecharacters倒伏是大豆生產(chǎn)中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象,它是影響
8、大豆高產(chǎn)、優(yōu)質(zhì)的主要因素。大豆倒伏主要分為根伏和莖倒伏兩種。倒伏現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生與種植品種、收稿日期:2013-08—27候、土壤條件以及栽培措施有著密切的關(guān)系Il_1,基金項(xiàng)目:吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)校內(nèi)啟動(dòng)基金(201228);國(guó)家“863”計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)這些因素通過(guò)影響植株的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育狀況,直接或課題(2011AA10A105);吉林省農(nóng)委大豆品種鑒定項(xiàng)目(201202l1)