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1、中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2008,41(2):470-479ScientiaAgriculturaSinica實(shí)時(shí)實(shí)地氮肥管理對(duì)不同雜交水稻氮肥利用率的影響111112233賀帆,黃見(jiàn)良,崔克輝,王強(qiáng),湯蕾蕾,龔偉華,徐波,彭少兵,RonaldJ.Buresh12(華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)作物生理生態(tài)與栽培研究中心,武漢430070,中國(guó);湖北省孝南區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)局,湖北孝感432100,中國(guó);3國(guó)際水稻研究所,菲律賓馬尼拉DAPO7777)摘要:【目的】探討兩系和三系雜交水稻在實(shí)時(shí)實(shí)地氮肥管理模式下對(duì)氮素的吸收和氮肥利用率的差異?!痉椒ā吭囼?yàn)
2、于2004和2005年在大田條件下,以兩優(yōu)培九、汕優(yōu)63為材料比較研究了實(shí)時(shí)實(shí)地氮肥管理模式下不同葉綠素儀(SPAD)預(yù)設(shè)閾值對(duì)其吸氮特性與氮肥利用率的影響?!窘Y(jié)果】水稻葉片葉色存在基因型差異,汕優(yōu)63頂葉的SPAD值比兩優(yōu)培九平均低1.7~2.0個(gè)數(shù)值單位。在實(shí)時(shí)氮肥管理模式下,施氮量與SPAD預(yù)設(shè)閾值呈指數(shù)相0.132SPAD2**0.173SPAD關(guān)關(guān)系。對(duì)于汕優(yōu)63而言,Nrate=0.9956e(r=0.8338),對(duì)于兩優(yōu)培九則為Nrate=0.1565e2**(r=0.9508)。在SPAD預(yù)設(shè)閾值
3、介于36~40的范圍內(nèi),若要保持兩個(gè)品種同一時(shí)期頂葉的SPAD值相同,汕優(yōu)63-1-1比兩優(yōu)培九需要多施用氮肥37.3kgN·ha?!窘Y(jié)論】在實(shí)時(shí)實(shí)地氮肥管理模式下,當(dāng)?shù)势骄昧拷咏?60kgN·ha時(shí),兩優(yōu)培九的吸氮能力、氮肥吸收利用率和氮素籽粒生產(chǎn)效率與汕優(yōu)63相當(dāng);其氮素干物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)效率、氮肥農(nóng)學(xué)利用率高于汕優(yōu)63;其氮素收獲指數(shù)低于汕優(yōu)63。此外,兩優(yōu)培九比汕優(yōu)63表現(xiàn)出較高的耐肥抗倒伏能力。關(guān)鍵詞:雜交水稻;SPAD閾值;實(shí)時(shí)實(shí)地氮肥管理;氮肥利用率EffectofReal-timeandSite-sp
4、ecificNitrogenManagementonVariousHybridRice1111122HEFan,HUANGJian-liang,CUIKe-hui,WANGQiang,TANGLei-lei,GONGWei-hua,XUBo,33PENGShao-bing,RonaldJ.Buresh12(CropPhysiologyandProductionCenter,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070;AgriculturalBureauofXiaonan3
5、County,HubeiProvince,Xiaogan432100,Hubei,China;InternationalRiceResearchInstitute,DAPO7777,ManilaPhilippines)Abstract:【Objective】Thisstudywasconductedtocomparethemostpopularhybridvarieties,three-linehybridrice,Shanyou63,SY63andtwo-linehybridrice,Liangyoupei9,
6、LYP9,intheirresponsetoNapplicationandfertilizer-NuseefficiencyunderRTNMandSSNMinthefieldconditionsin2004and2005.【Method】ThetwovarietiesweregrownundereightandsixNtreatmentsin2004and2005,respectively,inHubei,China.Ntreatmentsincludedazero-Ncontrol,aSSNMandsever
7、alRTNMwithdifferentchlorophyllmeter(SPAD)thresholds.【Result】TherewasasignificantdifferenceintheSPADreadingbetweenthetwovarieties.TheSPADreadingofSY63was1.7to2.0unitslowerthanthatofLYP9atthesameNtreatment.UnderRTNMtreatments,0.132totalNrateswereexponentiallyco
8、rrelatedwiththeSPADthresholds.TheequationsforSY63andLYP9were,Nrate=0.9956eSPAD2**0.173SPAD2**-1(r=0.8338),andNrate=0.1565e(r=0.9508),respectively.Additionalfertilizer-Nof37.3kgN·hawasrequ