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1、第33卷第3期水土保持通報VoI.33,No.32013年6月BulletinofSoilandWaterConservationJun.,2013紅壤區(qū)土壤侵蝕危險程度分級初探楊亞利,謝永生,趙暄(1.西北農(nóng)林科技大學資源環(huán)境學院,陜西楊凌712i00;2.中國科學院水利部水土保持研究所,陜西楊凌712100)摘要:土壤侵蝕危險性分級是研究土壤侵蝕危險程度的重要方法。為了探索更加符合實際的土壤侵蝕及其危害程度分級方法,依據(jù)水利部土壤侵蝕分級標準和水利部科考成果,對南方紅壤科考區(qū)的土壤侵蝕強度和土壤侵蝕潛在危險性及其所處流域主要湖泊
2、泥沙輸比(SDR)進行分級。結(jié)果表明,科考區(qū)內(nèi)輕度、中度、強度和極強度侵蝕均存在。中度侵蝕和強度侵蝕為主要侵蝕類型,占總侵蝕類型的84。輕度和極強度侵蝕占16。潛在危險性分級中,無險型、輕險型、危險型和極險型均存在,輕險和危險為主要類型,占總潛在危險類型的84,無險和極險類型占16。土壤侵蝕對異地的危害比較大,6O的湖泊SDR>0.5,其上游土壤侵蝕對異地是危險甚至極險的。研究結(jié)果可為紅壤全區(qū)土壤侵蝕分級和治理工作提供參考。關(guān)鍵詞:紅壤區(qū);侵蝕強度;潛在危險性;泥沙輸移比;分級文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1000-288X(2013)0
3、3—0231-05中圖分類號:S157.1PreliminaryStudyofGradationofSoilErosionHazardDegreeinRedSoilRegionofSouthernChinaYANGYa—li,XIEYong—sheng,ZHAOXuan(1.CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China;2.InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,CAS&MWR,
4、Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:Theriskgradationofsoilerosionisanimportantapproachtostudysoilerosionhazarddegree.Tofindasuitableapproachtothegradationofsoilerosionanditshazarddegreeinpractice,soilerosiondegreeanditspotentialriskforthescientificinvestigationareain
5、theredsoilregionofSouthernChina,aswellassedimentdeliveryratioforthemainlakeswithinthebasinsintheregion,weregradatedaccordingtotheMWR(MinistryofWaterResources)StandardsforsoilerosionclassificationandgradationandthedatafromthescientificinvestigationbytheMWR.Resultsshowed
6、thattherewerelight,moderate,intenseandex—tremelyintensesoilerosiondegreesintheinvestigatedarea.Themoderateerosionandintenseerosionwerethemainsoilerosiontypesandaccountedfor84ofthewholearea,whilethelighterosionandextremelyintenseerosionaccountedfor16.Thetypesofnorisk,li
7、ghtrisk,riskandextremeriskwereallfoundinthepotentialriskgradation.Thelightriskandriskwerethemainrisktypesandaccountedfor84ofal1therisktypes,whilethenoriskandextremeriskaccountedfor16.Soilerosionwasharmfultotheplacesnearby.Sedimentdeliveryratiosin6O9/6ofthelakesweregrea
8、terthan0.5,whichindicatesthatsoilerosionoccurredintheupstreamofthelakesisdangerous,evenextremelydangeroustotheplacesn