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1、山東農(nóng)業(yè)科學2014,46(2):77—81ShandongAgriculturalSciences菌渣厭氧發(fā)酵制取沼氣研究姚利,袁長波,王艷芹,曹德賓,邊文范,楊光(山東省農(nóng)業(yè)科學院農(nóng)業(yè)資源與環(huán)境研究所,山東濟南250100)摘要:以酒糟菌渣為原料,在實驗室內(nèi)利用自行設計的發(fā)酵裝置進行了批次發(fā)酵試驗,探討了菌渣厭氧發(fā)酵的產(chǎn)沼潛力及影響因素,并在農(nóng)戶沼氣池內(nèi)進行了應用試驗。結(jié)果表明:菌渣經(jīng)過適當處理可實現(xiàn)高效發(fā)酵產(chǎn)出沼氣,原料產(chǎn)氣率可達0.133m/kg干物質(zhì),產(chǎn)氣潛力約為秸稈的一半,但菌渣產(chǎn)沼氣具有預處理方式簡便、啟動迅速等優(yōu)點。菌渣產(chǎn)沼氣的最
2、佳參數(shù)為:將菌渣和牛糞以7:3的配比(以干物重計)制作發(fā)酵原料,發(fā)酵原料、沼液、水以5:3:2的比例(按重量計)混合,堆漚預處理3~5d后,投入發(fā)酵裝置,添加10%的雞糞沼液為接種物啟動發(fā)酵。菌渣用于農(nóng)戶沼氣池發(fā)酵產(chǎn)氣可行,氣溫較高的季節(jié)可滿足農(nóng)戶日常生活所需,應用時宜采取分批進料方式。關鍵詞:菌渣;厭氧發(fā)酵;沼氣中圖分類號:$216.4文獻標識號:A文章編號:1001—4942(2014)02—0077—05StudyonBiogasProductionbyAnaerobicFermentationofFungiResidueYaoLi,Yua
3、nChangbo,WangYanqin,CaoDebin,BianWenfan,YangGuang(InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironment,ShandongAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Jinan250100,China)AbstractWithvinassefungiresidueastherawmaterial,thebatchfermentationexperimentswerecar-riedoutusingfermentationdeviceinlabo
4、ratory.Themethaneproductionpotentialandinfluencingfactorsoffungiresidueanaerobicfermentationwerediscussed,andtheapplicationexperimentswerecarriedoutinruralhouseholdbiogasdigesters.Theresultsshowedthatthefungiresidueafterpropertreatmentcouldachieveeffi·cientfermentationtoprodu
5、cebiogas;therawmaterialbiogasratecouldbeupto0.133m/kgofdrymatter,andthebiogasproductionpotentialwasabouthalfofthatofstraw.Usingfungiresiduetoproducebiogashadtheadvantagesofsimplepretreatmentmethodandrapidstart.Theoptimalparametersofusingfungiresiduetoproducebiogaswereasfollow
6、s.TherawfungiresiduewasmixedwithCOWdungattheratioof7:3fdryweight)toproducethefermentedmaterial;thefermentedmaterial,biogasslurryandwaterweremixedattheratioof5:3:2byweight;afterpileofrettingpretreatmentfor3—5days.a(chǎn)ndadding10%ofchickenmanurebiogasslurry,thefermentationstarted.U
7、singfungiresidueforhouseholdfermentationtoproducebiogaswasfeasible,whichcouldmeetthedailyneedsofhouseholdintheseasonswithhighertemperature;thefed—batchmannershouldbeadoptedduringthehouseholdapplication.KeywordsFungiresidue;Anaerobicfermentation;Biogas在食用菌生產(chǎn)中會產(chǎn)生大量廢棄栽培料即缺乏,大量菌渣
8、被隨意堆放丟棄,易滋生有害菌渣,若按70%生物效率計算,我國每年約有600生物,威脅食用菌生產(chǎn)并對環(huán)境造成新的污染。多萬噸食用菌廢料。由