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1、LakeSci.(湖泊科學(xué)),2014,26(3):385—392http:#www.jlakes.org.E—mail:jlakes@niglas.a(chǎn)c.ca@2014byJournalofLakeSciences太湖東部不同類型湖區(qū)底泥疏浚的生態(tài)效應(yīng)毛志剛‘,谷孝鴻H,陸小明,曾慶飛,谷先坤,李旭光,。(1:中國科學(xué)院南京地理與湖泊研究所湖泊與環(huán)境國家重點實驗室,南京210008)(2:江蘇省水利學(xué)會,南京210029)(3:中國科學(xué)院大學(xué),北京100049)摘要:為研究底泥生態(tài)疏浚對太湖東部不同類型湖區(qū)水生生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的影響,2012年8月于東太湖養(yǎng)殖湖區(qū)和胥口灣草型湖區(qū)采集沉
2、積物和生物樣品,分析疏浚對底泥污染控制、水質(zhì)改善以及各生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響.結(jié)果表明,底泥疏浚能有效去除表層沉積物中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì),降低底泥重金屬含量及其潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險,但底泥疏浚對不同類型湖區(qū)水質(zhì)和生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響存在明顯差別.在富營養(yǎng)化較嚴(yán)重的東太湖養(yǎng)殖湖區(qū),底泥疏浚達(dá)到了一定的改善水質(zhì)的效果,浮游植物密度、生物量均不同程度降低,且群落中藍(lán)藻所占比例下降;水生植物和底棲動物群落也在較短時間內(nèi)得到恢復(fù);胥口灣草型湖區(qū)的底泥疏浚則破壞了原先良好的水生植物群落,造成湖區(qū)整體水質(zhì)下降,各主要生物類群的恢復(fù)相對緩慢.關(guān)鍵詞:生態(tài)疏浚;沉積物;水質(zhì);水生生物;太湖Ecologicalefect
3、sofdredgingonaquaticecosysteminthediferentregionsofeasternLakeTaihuMAOZhigang,GUXiaohong,LUXiaoming,ZENGQingfei,GUXiankun’&LIXuguang'(1:StateKeyLaboratoryof婦ScienceandEnvironment,NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,P.R.China)(2:JiangsuProvincialHydra
4、ulicEngineeringSociety,Nanjing210029,P.R.China)(3:UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beqing100049,P.R.China)Abstract:Inordertoinvestigatetheecologicalefectsofdredgingonaquaticecosystemi’nthedifferentregionsoftheeastemLakeTaihu,thewater,sedimentsandbiologicalsamplesineasternLakeTaihu(aquacul
5、turelakeregion)andXukouBay(macrophyte—dominatedregion)werecollectedinAugust,2012.Contentsofnutrientsandheavymetalsinsedimentsandwaterqualityparame-tel-8weremeasured,andthephytoplankton,zooplanktonandbenthoscommunities(includingspeciescomposition,densityandbi-omass)alsowereinvestigated.Theresu
6、ltsshowedthatdredgingWasausefulapproachforloweringnutrientsandheavymetalsloadinginsediments,butitsefectivenesshadgraduallydecreasedwiththeendofdredging.TheHakansonpotentialecologicalriskindexalsoindicatedthatsedimentdredgingcouldreducetheextentofpotentialecologicalrisk.Therewereobviousdiffere
7、ncesbe—tweentheefectsofthedredgingtowaterqualityandaquaticorganismsindiferentlakeregions.Thewaterqualityhadbeenim—prevedinthedredgedareasoftheeasternLakeTaihu,andbothdensityandbiomassofthephytoplanktonhadbeendecreasedcorn—paredwiththean—dredg