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1、第36卷第9期北京科技大學學報V01.36No.92014年9月JournalofUniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijingSep.2014復雜采空區(qū)激光多點探測及點云拼接與精簡熊立新園,羅周全,羅貞焱,齊飛翔中南大學資源與安全工程學院,長沙410083園通信作者。E—mail:k2001133@163.eom摘要針對復雜采空區(qū)激光探測中存在探測“盲區(qū)”和點云數(shù)據分布不均的問題,研究激光多點掃描和點云數(shù)據拼接與精簡方法.通過多點探測避免了單次探測“盲區(qū)”,加密了數(shù)據稀疏區(qū).提出了基于公共坐標和
2、最小二乘法的靶標矩陣轉換方法,實現(xiàn)了多點探測點云的拼接.統(tǒng)計了點云密集區(qū)的分布規(guī)律;對密集散亂點云,提出了沿Y軸方向分層剖分,層內數(shù)據以和z坐標極值分區(qū),區(qū)內每點以值排序后依步長篩選的精簡算法.大型貫通采空區(qū)驗證表明:基于最/b-乘法的拼接算法最優(yōu),誤差范圍在0.1mm左右;數(shù)據精簡率為15%25%,確保了邊界三維信息的完整性.關鍵詞采空區(qū);拼接;精簡;多點掃描;點云數(shù)據分類號TD76Pointcloudmergingandcompressionofcomplicatedgoafusingmulti-pointlaser.sca
3、nXIONGLi.xin回,LUOZhou—quan,LUOZhen—yan,QIFei—xiangSchoolofResourceandSafetyEngineering,CentralSouthUniversity,Changsha410083,China園Correspondingauthor.E—mail:k2001133@163.cornABSTRACTInviewoftheproblemsof‘blindspots’incomplicatedgoaldetectingbyusinglaserscanningandpo
4、intclouddensitydistributioninhomogeneity,thisarticleintroducedmulti—pointlaserscanandpointcloudmergingandcompression.Multi—pointscanincomplicatedgoalavoided‘blindspots’anddensifiedsparsepointcloudregions.Themergingalgorithmofpointclouddatawasputforwardbasedonacommonc
5、oordinatesystemandtheleast-squaresprincipletosolvethetargettransformationmatrix.Afterthedistil—butionruleofpointcloudconcentrationareaswasanalyzed,thescatteredpointcloudcompressionalgorithmwasproposed,inwhichthepointcloudwasdividedintoportionsalongtheYdirectionfirstl
6、y,thenintralayerdataweredividedbytheextremevaluesofand,andeachpointwassortedonthevalueandscreenedonstepk.Erroranalysisofaninstanceoflargeversedgoafshowsthatthemergingalgorithmbasedontheleast—squaresprinciplewillachievehighprecisionwithanerrorrangeofabout0.1mm.Thecomp
7、res-sionalgorithmcanachieveacompressionproportionof15%to25%andensuretheintegrityof3Dboundaryinformationatthesametime.KEYWORDSgoal;merging;compression;muhipointscan;pointclouddata激光探測技術是獲取物體三維空間形態(tài)的重要MonitoringSystem.加拿大Optech公司生產)、CALS非接觸式探測手段。廣泛應用于逆向工程、計算機視(CavityAut
8、oScanningLaserSystem,英國Measure-覺、測繪工程、圖像處理和設計類行業(yè)中[1-4].近幾mentDevicesLtd公司生產)等。獲取的空區(qū)三維空年隨著礦山安全生產要求提高,許多礦山企業(yè)也在間特征信息以點云數(shù)據形式供技術人員使用,探測生