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1、第12卷第4期中國水土保持科學Vo1.12No.42014年8月ScienceofSoilandWaterConservationAug.2014雙點源滴灌條件下的土壤水分運移特征侯立柱,趙航(1.中國地質大學(北京)水資源與環(huán)境學院,100083,北京;2.中國地質大學(北京)地下水循環(huán)與環(huán)境演化教育部重點實驗室,100083,北京)摘要:通過室內模擬試驗,在土槽中埋設TDR100時域反射儀傳感器自動檢測土壤含水率、埋設負壓計陶土頭測定基質勢,分析土壤水分運移特征,研究雙點源滴灌條件下土壤水分運移規(guī)律。結果表明,滴灌點源水分滲入土壤之后,隨著距滴頭距離的增加
2、,入滲濕潤體內的土壤含水率降低,濕潤鋒交匯界附近的土壤含水率一般均不小于相同土壤深度的含水率;5—35cm土壤含水率迅速增大到0.315cm/cm左右。供水停止后,上層的水分逐漸遞減,而下層土壤的水分逐漸增加,且隨著時間的延長,水分變化的速率越來越慢。因此,適當灌水量條件下滴灌交匯不會產生深層滲漏,且使用滴灌時作物根系層蓄水保墑效果良好。研究結果可為滴灌方式的適用性、植物選栽提供參考。關鍵詞:滴灌;土壤水分;交匯;濕潤鋒中圖分類號:S152.7;$275.6文獻標志碼:A文章編號:1672—3007(2014)04—0067—06Soilwatermoveme
3、ntunderinfiltrationofdoublepointsourcedripirrigationHouLizhu一,ZhaoHang(1.SchoolofWaterResourcesandEnvironment,ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,100083,Beijing,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofGroundwaterCirculationandEvolution(ChinaUniversityofGeosciences,Beijing),MinistryofEducation,100083,Beijin
4、g,China)Abstract:Surfacedripirrigationisthemostadvancedmethodofirrigationtodate,whichenablestheapplicationofappropriateamountsofwatertothesoilthroughdrippers.Studyofsoilwatermovementunderinfiltrationofpointsourcedripirrigationplaysanimportantroleinthepromotionofdripirrigationtechnol
5、ogy.Anindoorsoilbinwasdesignedinthisstudy.Timedomainreflectometry(TDR100)probesandtensiometerswereadoptedtomeasuresoilwatercontentsandsoilwaterpotential,respectively.TheinfiltrationratesandwettingfrontinterferenceunderdoublepointSOIIFCedripirrigationemitterswereanalyzed.Withthedista
6、nceapartfromdripincreasing,thesoilmoistureofwettedvolumefromdripirrigationwasreduced,andthesoilmoistureofwettedfrontontheintersectionsidewasnotsmallerthanthesoilmoistureofsimilarwetteddepth.Thesoilwatercontent(SWC)of5—35cmlayerreached0.315cm/cmrapidlyduringtheirrigationphase.Thesoil
7、moistureofthetoplayergraduallydecreased,thesoilmoistureofsublayersgraduallyincreased,andtherateofchangeofsoilmoisturesloweddownintheredistributionphase.Ourstudywouldhelpindesigningsurfacedripsystemsforeficientwaterusewithminimumdrainage.Keywords:dripirigation;soilmoisture;interferen
8、ce;wettingfront收稿日期