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1、第32卷第4期干旱地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)研究Vo1.32No.42014年7月~turalResearchintheAridAreasJu1.2014旱地全膜雙壟溝玉米精量播種機的設(shè)計與試驗楊杰,趙武云,戴飛(甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)工學(xué)院,甘肅蘭州730070)摘要:為滿足早地全膜雙壟溝農(nóng)藝技術(shù)要求,設(shè)計了一種玉米精量播種機。為實現(xiàn)播種機平穩(wěn)工作、保證膜下播種深度,采用雙向平行四桿仿形機構(gòu),根據(jù)初始工作角和最大上下仿形量,確定了仿形機構(gòu)的各項尺寸參數(shù),上下仿形量可達到98.35I/IlTI,左右仿形角達到15.2o,滿足仿形播種要求;為減少漏
2、播,降低空穴率,采用凸輪一平面連桿開啟式穴播輪;借助ADAMS軟件對穴播器成穴過程進行仿真分析,探討了穴播輪滑移率對穴孔形狀的影響,并以此對播種機的前進速度進行優(yōu)化,降低了空穴錯位率。田間試驗結(jié)果表明:金膜雙壟溝播玉米精量播種機作業(yè)后空穴率為0.9%,穴粒數(shù)合格率為93.6%,膜下播種深度合格率為91.8%,穴位錯孔率為2.5%,作業(yè)質(zhì)量符合行業(yè)技術(shù)標準要求。關(guān)鍵詞:全膜雙壟溝;玉米;仿形;精量播種機中圖分類號:$223.2文獻標志碼:A文章編號:1000-7601(2014)04.0262.07Designandte
3、stofcornprecisionseederfordry-landwholefilmdoublefurrowsowingYANGJie,ZHAOWu—Fan,DAIFei(SchoolofEngineering,齜AgriculturalUniversity,Lanzhou730070,China)Abstract:Inordertomeettheagronomictechnicalrequirementsofdry—landwholefilmdoublefurrowsowing,acolnprecisionseed
4、erwasdesigned.Torealizethesmoothworkingoftheseeder,andtoensurethesowingdepthunderfilm,theprofilingmechanismofbidirectionalparallelogramlinkagewasadopted.AccordingtotheinitialworkaJ1gleandthemaximunqamountofprofiling,allsizeparametersoftheprofilingmechanismwerede
5、termined.Theprofilingvolumeinverticaldirectionreachedto98.35lnIn,andtheprofilingangleinhoNzontaldirectionreachedto15.2。,whichmettherequirementsofprofilingsowing.Toreducemissedsowing,andtoreducetherateofno.seedholes,tl1eopen.typedibblingwheelwithcam—planeconnecti
6、ngrodwasadopted,WithADAMSsoftware,thehole.makingprocessoftheseed—erwassimulatedandana/yzed,andtheinfluenceofslippingrateofdibblingwheeltoshapeofholesWasexplored,SOastooptimizetheforwardspeedoftheseederandtoreducetheholedislocationrate.Thefieldtestresultsshowedth
7、at,byusingthecornprecisionseederfordry—landwholefilmdoublefurrowsowing,therateofno.seedholesWas0.9%。thepassrateofseednumberperholeWas93.6%,出epassrateofsowingdepthunderfilmwas91.8%.a(chǎn)ndtheholedis1o—cationrateWas2.5%,SOitsworkingqualitycouldmeettherequirementoftech
8、nicalstandards.Keywords:wholefilmdoublefurrow;corn;profiling;precisionseeder旱地玉米全膜雙壟溝播模式是甘肅省在傳統(tǒng)地旱地全膜雙壟溝播技術(shù)相關(guān)的播種機具主要依膜覆蓋技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)上,將地膜覆蓋與壟溝種植相結(jié)合靠傳統(tǒng)滾輪式穴播器和手持式點播槍,普遍存在成的一項集雨、