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1、※工藝技術(shù)良晶科學2013。VoL34,No.0231高溫短時蒸汽漂燙對鮮瑪咖過氧化物酶活性的影響徐涓,張弘一,孫彥琳,周梅村,鄭華,李坤,涂行浩(1.中國林業(yè)科學研究院資源昆蟲研究所,國家林業(yè)局特色森林資源工程技術(shù)研究中心,云南昆明6502242.昆明理工大學化學工程學院,云南昆明650224)摘要:為探索高溫蒸汽漂燙對鮮瑪咖過氧化物酶(POD)鈍化的最佳工藝參數(shù),解決鮮瑪咖加工中的褐變問題,采用響應面分析法建立處理時間、蒸汽溫度和載物量對POD相對酶活影響的二次多元回歸數(shù)學模型。結(jié)果表明:鮮瑪咖的最佳漂燙條件處理時間5
2、4s、蒸汽溫度130~C、載物量170g時,POD相對酶活為4.90%;未處理鮮瑪咖破碎放置7d后,褐變變化率為52.66%,芥子油苷、水溶性生物堿、Vc和總酚的損失率分別為45.68%、13.71%、20.27%和15.13%,而經(jīng)高溫蒸汽漂燙的鮮瑪咖褐變變化率僅為8.56%,與未處理的樣品相比,芥子油苷、水溶性生物堿、VC和總酚的損失率分別為23.46%、11.29%、6.76%和10.26%。表明在響應曲面法(RSM)優(yōu)化條件下,鮮瑪咖經(jīng)高溫蒸汽漂燙處理后,其褐變可得到有效控制,營養(yǎng)成分得到很好的保留。關(guān)鍵詞:瑪咖;
3、高溫短時蒸汽漂燙;過氧化物酶;響應曲面EffectofHigh—Temperature,Short—TimeSteamBlanching(HTSTSB)onPeroxidaseActivityofMacaxuJuan,ZHANGHong一,SUNYah—lin,ZHOUMei.CUll,ZHENGHua,LIKun,TUXing.hao(1.ResearchInstituteofResourcesInsects,ChineseAcademyofForestry,ResearchCenterofEngineeringandT
4、echnologyonForestResourceswithCharacteristics,StateForestryAdministration,Kunming650224,China;2.FacultyofChemicalEngineering,KunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Kunming650224,China)Abstract:OptimumHTSTSB(high—temperature,short—timesteamblanching)conditionsfort
5、heinactivationofperoxidase(POD)inmacaarereportedinthisstudy.AmultiplequadraticregressionmodelforrelativePODactivityasafunctionoftreatmenttime,steamtemperatureandmaterialloadingwasestablishedinordertooptimizethesevariablesbyresponsesurfaceanalysis.TheoptimumHTSTSBc
6、onditionswerefotmdtobe54S,130℃mad170gfortreatmenttime,steamtemperatureandmaterialloading,respectively.AftertheoptinfizedHTSTSBtreatment,therelativePODactivityinmacawas4.9%.After7dofstorage,thebrowningrateofunblanchedmacajuicewas52.7%comparedtoonly8.56%forHTSTSB-tr
7、eatedmacajuice.Inaddition,thelossratesofglucosinolates,alkaloid,vitaminCandtotalphenolswere45.68%,13.71%,20.27%and15.13%forunblanchedmacajuiceand23.46%,l1.29%、6.76%and10.26%forHTsTSB一協(xié):atedmacajuice,respectively.TheseresultssuggestthatbrowningCanbeefectivelypreven
8、tedbytheoptimizedHTSTSBtreatmentinmacajuice,andthusnutrientsCallbewellpreserved.Keywords:maca;high—temperature,short—timesteamblanching;peroxidase;respo