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1、9期楊懷玉等：頂端調(diào)控對(duì)烤煙生長(zhǎng)、主要礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分吸收和分配特性的影響1851頂端調(diào)控對(duì)烤煙生長(zhǎng)、主要礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分吸收和分配特性的影響楊懷玉，李春儉（中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)系／農(nóng)業(yè)部植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)與養(yǎng)分循環(huán)重點(diǎn)開(kāi)放實(shí)驗(yàn)室／教育部植物-土壤相互作用重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，北京100094）摘要：【目的】揭示頂端調(diào)控對(duì)烤煙生長(zhǎng)、礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分吸收和分配影響?！痉椒ā坎捎脿I(yíng)養(yǎng)液培養(yǎng)，結(jié)合根系養(yǎng)分吸收動(dòng)力學(xué)方法，進(jìn)行了打頂和打頂+NAA處理?！窘Y(jié)果】對(duì)照在處理期間干物質(zhì)和養(yǎng)分凈增量最大，干物質(zhì)的57%和N、P、K、Ca等養(yǎng)分的44%～68%分配到
2、了頂端（包括新生葉片），而打頂和打頂+NAA植株的干物質(zhì)和養(yǎng)分凈增量的絕大部分都分配至上部葉和根系。鉀離子吸收動(dòng)力學(xué)結(jié)果表明，根系吸鉀速率大小依次為對(duì)照>打頂+NAA>打頂，對(duì)照植株根系對(duì)鉀離子的親和力和最大吸收速率也最大。打頂+NAA處理2d后根系對(duì)鉀離子的親和力和最大吸收速率均大于打頂處理。【結(jié)論】以上結(jié)果表明，頂端不僅可以通過(guò)其生長(zhǎng)需求（庫(kù)強(qiáng)）調(diào)節(jié)光合產(chǎn)物和礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分在體內(nèi)的分配，而且可以通過(guò)其合成的生長(zhǎng)素調(diào)控根系的養(yǎng)分吸收。打頂后生長(zhǎng)調(diào)節(jié)劑處理可一定程度上代替頂端的作用。關(guān)鍵詞：烤煙；打頂；萘乙酸；
3、鉀；吸收動(dòng)力學(xué)ShootApexRegulatesGrowth,NutrientsAbsorptionandDistributionWithinTobaccoPlantsYANGHuai-yu,LIChun-jian（DepartmentofPlantNutrition,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity/KeyLaboratoryofPlantNutrientandNutrientCycle,MinistryofAgriculture/KeyLaboratoryofPlant-Soi
4、lInteractions,MinistryofEducation,Beijing100094）Abstract:【Objective】Effectsofdecapitationonplantgrowth,nutrientsabsorptionanddistributionwithinplant,aswellaspotassium(K)absorptiondynamicandkineticsintobaccoplantswereexamined.【Method】Arootnutrientsabsorpti
5、onkineticmethodwasappliedunderhydroponicculture.【Result】Theresultsshowedthatinthecontrolplant,57%ofthenetdrymattergainand44%-68%ofthenetincreaseinmineralnutrients(includingN,P,K,Ca,etc.)wasdepositedinthetop.Inthedecapitationanddecapitation+NAAplants,thema
6、jorityofthenetincreasesindrymatterandnutrientswereallocatedintotheupperleavesandroots.ThestudiesontheKuptakekineticsshowedthatKuptakeactivityandaffinitywerethehighestinthecontrolplant,andthelowestinthedecapitatedplant.【Conclusion】Inconclusion,theshootapex
7、isthestrongestsinkfordrymatterandnutrients,andcanregulatenotonlythedrymatterandnutrientsallocationamongthedifferentorgans,butalsothenutrientsabsorptionactivitybytheauxinsynthesizedinandtransportedfromtheapex.ExogenousapplicationofNAAafterremovaloftheshoot
8、apexcanpartlyreplacetheroleoftheshootapextostimulatetherootnutrientsuptakeactivity.Keywords:Tobacco;Decapitation;NAA;Potassium;Uptakekinetics9期楊懷玉等：頂端調(diào)控對(duì)烤煙生長(zhǎng)、主要礦質(zhì)養(yǎng)分吸收和分配特性的影響18510引言【本研究的重要意義】烤煙是一種以葉片為收獲器官的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物。在烤煙生產(chǎn)
