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1、Book5Unit1Grammar過分做表語、定語、補語1.過去做定語驚恐的人們被污染的水擁擠的教室打碎的花瓶關(guān)了的門terrified/astonishedpeoplepollutedwateracrowdedroomabrokenvaseacloseddoor一、過去分詞作定語1、單個的過去分詞作定語時一般兼有被動和完成的意義。eg:alostanimalausedstampaninjuredfingerabrokencoinalightedcandle一只迷路的動物一枚用過的郵票一個受傷的手指一枚
2、破損的硬幣一支點燃的蠟燭注意:過去分詞作定語時,有時只有被動意義。e.g.:spokenEnglish英語口語writtenexercises書面練習少數(shù)表示位移或狀態(tài)改變的不及物動詞的過去分詞只有完成的意義fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起來的太陽aretiredteacher一名退休教師anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯單個過去分詞作定語,常放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語,常放在被修飾詞的后面。Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thi
3、sisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.3.過去分詞作定語位置2、過去分詞短語作后置定語,表示被動和/或完成意義。e.g.:HowIregrettedthehourswastedinthewoods!我多懊悔在樹林浪費的時光啊Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth.我喜歡穿這種布料做的衣服。ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular.魯迅寫的書很受歡迎We’llgotovisitthebridgebuilthundre
4、dsofyearsago.我們要去看那座建于幾百年前的橋。現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞做定語,有何區(qū)別呢?A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA解析①過去分詞做定語:表被動,表完成。②現(xiàn)在分詞作定語:表主動,表進行。TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.1.Thewoman____alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.
5、givenC.togiveD.give區(qū)別CA2.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld小試二、過去分詞作表語1、過去分詞作表語,表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài),其前
6、的系動詞有包括be在內(nèi)的多種形式。e.g.:Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech.聽了他的發(fā)言,在場的所有人都很振奮。Youseemfrightened.你似乎受了驚嚇。2、過去分詞作表語,構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別:過去分詞作表語,強調(diào)特點或狀態(tài);而被動語態(tài)中,強調(diào)動作。e.g.:Thisshopisnowclosed.這家商店現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday.這家商店每天6點關(guān)門。(狀態(tài))(動作)現(xiàn)在分詞和過去
7、分詞作表語的區(qū)別V-ing形式表示“令人……的”V-ed形式表示“某人感到……的”Thestoryisinteresting.Iaminterestedinthestory.Dotheexercise4onpage5CWhathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwith
8、D.disappointed;disappointingbyAsisknowntousall,travelingis____,butweoftenfeel_____whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe___news,weallfelt____A.enc