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1、賓語(yǔ)從句TheObjectClauseIknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(簡(jiǎn)單句)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句連詞從句主語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)主句(復(fù)合句)賓語(yǔ)從句的概念:在復(fù)合句中放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句句子結(jié)構(gòu):主句+連詞(引導(dǎo)詞)+賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句三要素:一、引導(dǎo)詞二、語(yǔ)序:陳述語(yǔ)序(主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ))三、時(shí)態(tài)四、if,when引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別五、賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問(wèn)句六、否定轉(zhuǎn)移第一講:賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞一、引導(dǎo)詞that從句是陳述句(口語(yǔ)中常省略)if/whether(是否)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句wh/how(即特殊疑問(wèn)詞)從句是特殊疑
2、問(wèn)句Weknow(that)weshouldlearnfromeachother.Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?引導(dǎo)詞是從句的一個(gè)成份,所以用哪個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞,看從句成份是否完整,不完整,一定是特殊疑問(wèn)句。完整,判斷主句語(yǔ)氣,是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣,用if/whether;是肯定語(yǔ)氣,用that.一、連詞(引導(dǎo)詞)1.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是陳述句時(shí)(包括肯定句和否定句),連詞由that引導(dǎo),因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作任何成分,也沒(méi)有任何具體意思,因此在口
3、語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略L(fǎng)inTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.Shesays(that)shewon’ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.Jimthought(that)thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.Hesaid(that)hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞(如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等)作表語(yǔ)時(shí),后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語(yǔ)從句I’msorry(that)Idon
4、’tknow.We’resure(that)ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid(that)hewon’tpasstheexam.注:that在句中無(wú)詞匯意義,在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分,在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.(一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái))Hesaid(that)______________________.(他非常想念我們)Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.(地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn))hewillbebackinanhourhemis
5、sedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun2.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)(口語(yǔ)中常用if),因?yàn)閕f/whether翻譯成:“是否”,具有一定的意義,所以不能省略L(fǎng)ilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’sseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedmeif/whethershecouldborrowthesebooks.If/whether(是否)
6、的區(qū)別一般情況下,if和whether可以互換,但以下4種情況只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.②在介詞后:Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③與ornot連用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.④做主語(yǔ)從句:Whetherheisrightisn’timportant.3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),由連接代詞(what,who,whom,which,whose)或連接副詞(when,wher
7、e,how,why)引導(dǎo),因?yàn)檫B接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分,具有一定的意義,所以不可以省略Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho(whom)wehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.Heasked_____
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