資源描述:
《專八general+knowledge知識點》由會員上傳分享,免費在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在應(yīng)用文檔-天天文庫。
1、專八General+Knowledge知識點專八GeneralKnowledge知識點1.ATaleofTwoCitieswaswrittenbyCharlesDickens.2.Phonology:Thestudyofspeechsoundsinlanguageoralanguagewithreferencetotheirdistributionandpatterningandtotacitrulesgoverningpronunciation.音位學(xué);在語言或一門語言中,對有關(guān)其分類和模式以及為大家所默認(rèn)的發(fā)音規(guī)則的研究音韻學(xué),音系學(xué)3.Syntax:Thestudyofth
2、eruleswherebywordsorotherelementsofsentencestructurearecombinedtoformgrammaticalsentences.句法,研究詞或其它句子成分如何聯(lián)合起來形成合乎語法的句子規(guī)則的學(xué)科4.Semantics:Thestudyorscienceofmeaninginlanguageforms.語義學(xué),以語言形式表示意思的研究或科學(xué)5.acronym:首字母組合詞,首字母縮略詞,比如,NATO,UNESCO,BASIC,它們可以連拼,但VOA是Initialism。6.Metonymy:Afigureofspeechinw
3、hichonewordorphraseissubstitutedforanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated,asintheuseofWashingtonfortheUnitedStatesgovernmentoroftheswordformilitarypower.換喻或轉(zhuǎn)喻,一種,一個詞或詞組被另一個與之有緊密聯(lián)系的詞或詞組替換的修辭方法,如用華盛頓代替美政府或用劍代替軍事力量,對面來了三個"紅領(lǐng)巾"也是,以紅領(lǐng)巾指代少先隊員。?7.Simile:Afigureofspeechinwhichtwoessentiallyunlikething
4、sarecompared,ofteninaphraseintroducedbylikeoras,asinHowlikethewinterhathmyabsencebeenorSoareyoutomythoughtsasfoodtolife(Shakespeare).明喻,一種修辭手法,把兩種基本不相像的東西進(jìn)行比較,通常在由like或as引導(dǎo)的短語中,如"我的離開好象是冬天來臨"或"你對我的思想就象食物對于生命一樣重要"(莎士比亞)8.:Metaphor:Afigureofspeechinwhichawordorphrasethatordinarilydesignatesonet
5、hingisusedtodesignateanother,thusmakinganimplicitcomparison,asinaseaoftroublesorAlltheworld'sastage(Shakespeare)隱喻一種語言表達(dá)手法,通常用指某物的詞或詞組來指代他物,從而暗示它們之間的相似之處,如"憂愁之海"或"整個世界一臺戲"(莎士比亞)theshipofdesert沙漠之舟9.Oxymoron:Arhetoricalfigureinwhichincongruousorcontradictorytermsarecombined,asinadeafeningsilen
6、ceandamournfuloptimist.矛盾修飾法,一種把互相矛盾或不調(diào)和的詞合在一起的修辭手法,如在震耳欲聾的沉默和悲傷的樂觀cruelkindness10.TheaffectionnamegiventotheclocktoweroftheHousesofParliament,WestminsterisBigBen.11.JohnMiltonthepoetwroteofAdamandEve'sexpulsionfromtheGardenofEdeninParadiseLost.ParadiseRegainedwasalsowrittenbyhim.12.Sonnet:A1
7、4-lineverseformusuallyhavingoneofseveralconventionalrhymeschemes.十四行詩體,一種由十四行組成的詩歌形式,通常有一種傳統(tǒng)的押韻形式,莎士比亞用過此詩體。13.Slang:Akindoflanguageoccurringchieflyincasualandplayfulspeech,madeuptypicallyofshort-livedcoinagesandfiguresofspeechthataredelibera