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1、(一)句子成分PartsoftheSentence1句子成分的概念:組成句子的各個(gè)部分就叫句子成分。英語(yǔ)基本句子成分包括主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)是句子的主體部分。2句子成份:★句子一般由兩個(gè)部分組成:主語(yǔ)部分(subjectgroup)謂語(yǔ)部分(predicategroup)★句子成份:主·謂·賓·表補(bǔ)定·狀·3Membersofsentence:S---subjectP---predicativeO---objectAttri.---attributeAdv.---adverbOc---objectcomplementPredicate/(Ver
2、b)主賓表補(bǔ)定狀謂4一、主語(yǔ)(subject)主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象,是句子的主體。表示所說(shuō)的“是什么”或“是誰(shuí)”。一般由名詞、代詞、不定代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的單詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)充當(dāng),也有從句充當(dāng)?shù)默F(xiàn)象。大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)都在句首。51Theroomisveryclean.2WeoftenspeakEnglish.3Eightismyluckynumber.4ToteachthemEnglishismyjob.5Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.6Whatweneedisfood.7Thepoorareeverywhereinsomecountries.8在個(gè)別句型中,主語(yǔ)在整個(gè)句
3、子后面,這時(shí)前面用it作形式主語(yǔ)。Itisveryinterestingtoplaythegamecalled“treatortrick”.Ittooktwoworkersaboutthreemonthstobuildthehouse.理解記憶(名詞)(代詞)(數(shù)詞)(動(dòng)詞不定式)(動(dòng)名詞)(句子)(the+形容詞)6找出下面句子的主語(yǔ)1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Totalkwithyouisagreatpleasure3.Cleaningthehouseneedsalotoftime.4.Theyareourgoodfriends.5.What
4、hesaidwasright.6.EightisaluckynumberinChina.7.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.單選:1.Marywithhertwodaughters_____goingtoShanghaiforExplo2010nextmonth.A.areB.wasC.isD.were2.____moreexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.A.DoB.DoesC.DidD.Doing3.____isimpossibletofinishthisjobbeforeWednesday.A.ThatB.ThisC.It
5、D.They8二、謂語(yǔ)(predicate)謂語(yǔ)是用來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么,做什么或怎么樣。常置于主語(yǔ)后。謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng),主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上必須保持一致。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞存在多種時(shí)態(tài)和不同的語(yǔ)態(tài),它是句子的核心。9Heisverygenerous.ShelooksverysmartandcoolWehavefinishedthejob.HecanspeakGerman.10謂語(yǔ)(predicate):是對(duì)主語(yǔ)加以陳述,表示主語(yǔ)的行為或狀態(tài),常用動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞詞組擔(dān)任,放在主語(yǔ)的后面。謂語(yǔ)分為簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)和復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。Iloveyou!Theywenttosleepverylatelastnight.
6、Hepractisesrunningeverymorning.Theplanetookoffat10o’clock.Howoftendoyougoshopping?Whydidn’tyoucomebacklastnight?簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ):由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成11Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcough.Wearesudents.Thatideasoundsgreat!復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形2.其他助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞某種形式3.系動(dòng)詞+形容詞12常見(jiàn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:can/could能,可以,可能may/might可以,可能nee
7、d需要must必須,務(wù)必will/would表意愿should應(yīng)該haveto不得不+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞分類:一be動(dòng)詞類:am,is,are,was,were二感官動(dòng)詞類:look,sound,smell,taste,feel,三表示變化類:become,?get,?turn,grow,go四表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞:remain,stay,keep五似乎,好像:seem,appearOpenthedoor,please!Goandgetsomewaterforme.Do