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1、???????????????????????最新資料推薦???????????????????ABriefIntroductionoftheUnitedKingdomThefullnameofthecountryistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Itisacomplicatednameforwhatisinmanywaysacomplicatedcountry.There’refourparts,England,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland,
2、whichcompletetotheset.Here,asfollows,areafewaspectsoftheUnitedKingdom.1.PoliticsTheGovernmentoftheUnitedKingdom(1)TheMonarchyTheoldestinstitutionofgovernmentistheMonarchycruelbytheking.ThisdatesbacktotheSaxonwhoruledfromthe5thcenturyADuntiltheNormanConguestin1066.Thepowerofth
3、emonarchywaslargelyderivedformtheancientdoctrineofthe‘divinerightofkings”.ItwasheldthatthesovereignderivedhisauthorityfromGod,notfromhissubjects.WhilethekingintheoryhadGodonhisside,inpracticeeveninmedievaltimesitwasthoughtthatheshouldnotexerciseabsolutepower.(2)TheParliamentT
4、heword“parliament”comesfromtheverb“theparley”,thatistodiscussortalk.Thetermwasfirstusedofficiallyin1236todescribethegatheringoffeudalbaronsandrepresentativesfromcountriesandtownswhichtheoccasionallysummonedifhewantedtoraisemoney.TheGreatCouncilcametoincludeboththosewhoweresum
5、moned“byname”(theHouseofLords)andrepresentativesofcommunities(theHouseofCommons).Thesetwohousesexisttodayandcollectivelywecallthemtheparliament.TheCommonsquicklygainedinpoliticalstrength.Theywerewillingtohelpthekingbyraisingtaxesandpassinglaws,butinreturntheywantedanincreasin
6、gsayinwhatthekingwasdoing.TheparliamentbecamethemostpowerfulinstituteinBritainwasaftertheRevolutionalWar.Parliamenthasanumberofdifferentfunctions.Firstandforemost,itpasseslaws.Anotherimportantfunctionisthatitprovidesthemeansofcarryingontheworkofgovernmentbyvotingfortaxation.I
7、tsotherrolesaretoscrutinizegovernmentpolicy,administrationandexpenditureandtodebatethemajorityissuesoftheday.ParliamentissupremeintheBritishstatebecauseitalonehasthepowertochangethetermsoftheconstitution.Therearenolegalrestraintsuponparliament.Itcanmakeorchangelaws.Changeorov
8、erturnestablishedconventionsorevenprolongitsownlifewithout1?????????
