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1、國際貨運代理英語(貨代英語)forwarder_English_1_to_21(二)重點內容1.DefinitionandImportance2.DifferencesbetweenInternationalTradeandDomesticTrade3.RisksinInternationalTrade4.WorldTradeOrganization5.BarrierstoInternationalTrade6.StepsofInternationalTrade2.DifferencesbetweenInternationalTradeandDom
2、esticTradeInternationaltradeistypicallymorecostly(成本高)thandomestictrade.(reason:additionalcostssuchastariffs,timecostsduetoboarddelaysandcostsassociatedwithcountrydifferencessuchaslanguage,thelegalsystem,culture.)Thefactorsofproduction(生產(chǎn)要素)aretypicallymoremobile(流動)withinacou
3、ntrythanacrosscountries.(Internationaltradeismostlyrestrictedtotradeingoodsandservice).Internationaltradeisalsoabranchofeconomics,whichtogetherwithinternationalfinance,formsthelargebranchofinternationaleconomics.3.RisksinInternationalTradeEconomicrisks(1)insolvency(破產(chǎn))ofthebuy
4、er;(2)thefailureofthebuyertopaytheamount;(3)non-acceptance;(4)exchangerate,etc.Politicalrisks(1)cancellationornon-renewalofexportorimportlicenses;(2)warrisks;(3)expropriationorconfiscationoftheimporter’scompany;(4)riskoftheimpositionofanimportban(禁止進口)aftertheshipmentofthegood
5、s;(5)transferrisk—impositionofexchangecontrols(外匯管制)bytheimporter’scountryorforeigncurrencyshortages;(6)influenceofpoliticalpartiesinimporter’scompany.4.WorldTradeOrganizationWTOdefinition(世貿(mào)組織)Itisbestdescribedasanumbrellaorganization(傘式組織)underwhichtheagreementsthatcameoutof
6、theUruguayRoundofmultilateraltradenegotiations(烏拉圭多邊貿(mào)易談判)aregathered.WTOfunctionstoimplement,administer,andcarryoutWTOAgreementanditannexes;toactasaforumforongoingmultilateraltradenegotiations;toserveasatribunalforresolvingdisputes;toreview(評價、回顧)thetradepoliciesandpracticesof
7、memberstates.6.StepsofInternationalTradeStartingwithmarketresearchSeekingcustomersContacteachotherbysendinginquiriesStatusinquiry(詢價狀況)Quotationsoroffers;acceptanceornonacceptanceOrder;contractObtainingimport/exportlicense;openingL/C,receivingL/CPreparationofgoodsbythesellerIn
8、spectionorsurveyofgoodsReservingshippingspace(訂艙)Effectingins