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1、代詞one,it,that的用法區(qū)別代詞one,itthat的用法在歷屆高考題中出現(xiàn)的頻率較高,是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一。1)one,it,that常常用來(lái)代替或避免重復(fù)某個(gè)名詞。例如:?①I(mǎi)'mlookingforaflat.I'dreallylikeonewithagarden.②-Wheredidyoufindyourwatch???-Ifinditinourclassroom.③ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountry.2)one可指人或物,只替代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,復(fù)數(shù)用ones.On
2、e是泛指,但有限定修飾語(yǔ),如the,this,that…修飾就變成了特指。如:①Onemustdoone'sduty.??②MaryhasaredpencilandJanehasablueone.③Thenewdesignsaremuchbetterthantheoldones.3).that只指物,不指人,可替代可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,具有“特指”性質(zhì)。指的是同類(lèi)事物中的另一樣?xùn)|西,即同類(lèi)異物。如:Thelibraryofourschoolisbiggerthanthatofyours.(that代替的是另一個(gè)圖書(shū)館。)4)one和that?在代
3、替可數(shù)名詞時(shí),如果沒(méi)有前置定語(yǔ)只有后置定語(yǔ)時(shí),theone和that可互換。但該名詞如有前置定語(yǔ),則只能用theone,而不能用that。例如:①I(mǎi)willtaketheseatnexttotheone(=that)bythewindow.我就坐窗口的那個(gè)座位旁邊。②Ipreferthelargeboxtothesmallone.(one不可用that替換)。?5)That的復(fù)數(shù)形式those代替可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)??芍溉嘶蛭?,一般后面跟修飾語(yǔ)。如:①Today'scellphonesaresmallerthanthose(=theones)used
4、inthepast.②Thestudentswhodobestinexamarenotalwaysthose(=theones)withthebestbrains.6)theone(ones)或that,those指代某一名詞做定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞時(shí),其關(guān)系代詞which在that之后,which不能省略,而在theone、ones之后,which可省略。如:①Theirproblemtodayissomewhatsimilartothatwhichtheyfacedmanyyearsago.7)代替不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),應(yīng)該用that。如:Theequip
5、mentisdifferentfromthat.8)it代替上文所提到的名詞時(shí),是指同類(lèi)事物中的同一樣?xùn)|西,即同類(lèi)事物。如:Ihavelostmypen.I'mlookingforit.9)it和that可代替前面整個(gè)句子的意思,而one卻不能;that可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)限定性定語(yǔ)從句,代替某個(gè)先行詞(單復(fù)數(shù)名詞均可),it和one則不能;it可代替不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句,用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),也可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,而one和that則不能。如:①-Iwillmakebedforyou.–Itisverykindofyou.②Jimsaidhehadrea
6、dmynovel.Butthatwasnotpossible.③Aclockisaninstrumentthattellstime.④ThestudentsthatsurftheInternetwillbepunishedbytheteacher.⑤Itisnicetoseeyouagain.⑥Itisnousecallingherup.⑦Ifounditimpossibleformetopassthetest.⑧ItwasIwhobrokeyourwindow.