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1、鉀素水平對綠豆產(chǎn)量及養(yǎng)分吸收積累的影響李莉1展茗2萬正煌1仲建鋒1陳宏偉1(1.湖北省農(nóng)科院糧食作物研究所,武漢430064;2.華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院,武漢430070.)摘要:通過田間試驗(yàn)與采樣分析研究了鉀肥施用對綠豆氮磷鉀吸收積累量和產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成因子的影響。結(jié)果表明:綠豆植株中鉀養(yǎng)分積累量隨鉀肥施用量的增加呈拋物線變化趨勢,施鉀提高了籽粒和莖桿中鉀的積累量,其中鉀素用量為90-135kg/hm2時,養(yǎng)分積累量最高。施鉀(K20)45、90、145和180kg/hm2與不施鉀相比平均籽粒產(chǎn)量分別增加40.4%、44.4%、50.1%和28.7%,莢果含鉀量增加39.8%、80.5%、9
2、0.8%和39.2%,植株地上部鉀素總累積量提高32.4%、39.2%、54.3%和30.7%。說明施鉀能提高綠豆產(chǎn)量、提高莢果對鉀素吸收和累積。施用鉀肥效應(yīng)方程為Y=838.25+7.5979X-0.0354X2(R2=0.954),說明合理施用鉀肥,可以提高鉀肥利用率和綠豆產(chǎn)量,施用過量則出現(xiàn)報酬遞減。關(guān)鍵詞:綠豆;鉀肥;氮磷鉀;產(chǎn)量EffectofPotassiumApplicationonYieldandNutrientAccumulationofMungBeanLiLi1,ZhanMing2,WanZhenghuang1,ZhongJianfeng1,ChenHongwei1(1I
3、nstituteofFoodCrops,HubeiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Wuhan430064;2CollegeofPlantScienceandTechnology,HuazhongAgriculturalUniversity,Wuhan430070,China.)Abstract:Throughthefieldexperimentandthesamplinganalysis,effectofpotassiumapplicationonN,PandKaccumulationandyieldcomponentofmungbeanwasstudied.Th
4、eresultsindicatedthattherewasaparabolaregularpatternofthenutrientaccumulationwhiletheapplicationrateofKincreased.ThetotalaccumulationofKinthemungbeanstemsandpodsincreasedwiththeapplicationofpotassiumfertilizer,andthemaximumwasat90-135kgha?1Kfertilizer.ComparedtonoKtreatment,theaverageyieldofthetrea
5、tmentwithK2Orates45,90,135and180kg/hm2increasedby40.4%,44.4%,50.1%and28.7%,andaverageKcontentinpodsincreasedby39.8%、80.5%、90.8%and39.2%,totalKuptakebytheabovegroundpartsofmungbeanaverageincreasedby32.4%、39.2%、54.3%and30.7%,respectively.TheresultsillustratedthatKapplicationincreasedtheyield.Theregre
6、ssionequationisy=838.25+7.5979X-0.0354X2(R2=0.954),showthatproperpotassiumapplicationcouldincreasemungbeanyieldandinprovetheutilizationefficiency,butexcessiveamountoffertilizerapplicationshouldreducethefertilizerusageefficiency.Keywords:Mungbean;Kapplication;N,PandK;Yield綠豆是湖北省丘陵和山地重要的雜糧作物之一,與其他作物相
7、比具有生育期短、適播期長、適應(yīng)性廣等明顯的生理生態(tài)優(yōu)勢[1]。綠豆中的蛋白質(zhì)是全價蛋白質(zhì),人體必需直接從食物中攝取的八種氨基酸在綠豆中含量十分豐富,是人們理想的營養(yǎng)保健食品[2]。近年來隨著人們生活水平提高,綠豆作為醫(yī)食同源作物,其需求量和消費(fèi)量呈現(xiàn)出日益增加趨勢。鉀在作物生理代謝過程中功能特殊被贊譽(yù)為“品質(zhì)元素”。鉀在土壤中以KCL、K2SO4、KNO3等鹽類形式存在,在水中則解離成K+而被根吸收[3]。在