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1、鉀肥施用量對(duì)馬鈴薯品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量的影響研究摘要通過田間試驗(yàn),研究了增施鉀肥對(duì)云薯101等3個(gè)品種馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和相關(guān)生理指標(biāo)的影響;研究了不同生育期增施鉀肥對(duì)克新12號(hào)和中薯1號(hào)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和相關(guān)生理指標(biāo)的影響;研究了磷鉀肥不同的增施量對(duì)克新17號(hào)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和相關(guān)生理指標(biāo)的影響。結(jié)果表明:1.增施鉀肥提高了云薯101、東農(nóng)303和早大白3個(gè)品種馬鈴薯的產(chǎn)量、塊莖淀粉含量、干物質(zhì)含量和大中薯率,提高了凈同化率、葉綠素含量和根系活力。由于不同處理增施鉀肥量不同及不同品種遺傳特性不同,因此,不同
2、處理效果不同。但增施鉀肥對(duì)3個(gè)品種馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和相關(guān)生理指標(biāo)的影響作用呈高度一致。通過對(duì)產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和生理指標(biāo)進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析表明,產(chǎn)量與大中薯率、凈同化率的關(guān)系最密切,相關(guān)極顯著。2.不同生育期增施鉀肥(180kg/hm2)提高了克新12號(hào)和中薯I號(hào)馬鈴薯的產(chǎn)量、塊莖淀粉含量、干物質(zhì)含量和大中薯率,提高了凈同化率、葉綠素含量和根系活力。2個(gè)品種均為苗期和塊莖形成期分次追鉀肥效果最明顯,其次是塊莖形成期追施鉀肥。通過對(duì)產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和生理指標(biāo)進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析表明,產(chǎn)量與大中薯率、凈同化率的關(guān)系最密切,相關(guān)極
3、顯著。3.增施磷鉀肥提高了克新17號(hào)馬鈴薯的產(chǎn)量、塊莖淀粉含量、干物質(zhì)含量和大中薯率,提高了凈同化率、葉綠素含量和根系活力。不同處理效果不同,表現(xiàn)出鉀肥對(duì)馬鈴薯產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和相關(guān)生理指標(biāo)的影響大于磷肥的影響,磷鉀配合施用較單施效果好。通過對(duì)產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和生理指標(biāo)進(jìn)行相關(guān)分析表明,產(chǎn)量與大中薯率、凈同化率的關(guān)系最密切,相關(guān)極顯著。關(guān)鍵詞:馬鈴薯;磷肥鉀肥;產(chǎn)量品質(zhì)IVAbstractThepresentresearchinvestigatestheeffectontheyield,qualityandr
4、elevantphysicalindicatorsofKexin4potatoandtheothertwokindsofpotatoesbyincreasingdifferentquantityofpotassiumfertilizer.Italsostudiestheeffectontheyield,qualityandrelevantphysicalindicatorsofKexin12andZhongshuIbyaddingpotassiumfertilizerindifferentgrow
5、thstages.Theexperimentstudiestheeffectontheyield,qualityandrelevantphysicalindicatorsofKexin17byusingdifferentquantityofpotassiumandphosphatefertilizeraswell.1.Addingpotassiumfertilizer(K)canincreasetheoutput,drymattercontent,starchcontentoftuberandth
6、erateoflarge-mediumsizedpotatoesofKexin4,Dongnong303andZaodabai,Italsoincreasesthechlorophyllcontent,netassimilationrateandrootactivity.AlthoughtheeffectvariedwithdifferentamountsofKusedandthedifferentpotatogenotypes,theexperimentshowsKpromotestuberyi
7、eld,qualityandthephysiologicalindicatorstestsinahighdegreeofunity.Bythedataanalysisoftheexperiment,theresultshowstheyieldhasaclosetcorrelationwiththelarge-mediumsizedtuberrateandthenetassimilationrate.2.ByincreasingK(180kg/hm2)indifferentgrowthstages,
8、itincreasestheyield,tuberstarchcontent,drymattercontentandtherateoflarge-mediumsizedtubers.Kalsocanimprovethenetassimilationrate,chlorophyllcontentandrootactivity.ItisshowedKcanimprovetheyieldandthequalityofthesetwopotatogenotypesobviously.Tha