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1、OrientationstoHappinessasPredictorsofSubjectiveWell-beingDianneAVella-Brodrick.SchoolofPsychology,PsychiatryandPsychologicalMedicineMonashUniversity.DefininghappinessScientificresearchexaminingthefactorsthatcontributetothe‘goodlife’isontheincrease.There
2、aretwomaintheoreticalperspectiveswhichfocusonaddressingthequestionofwhatmakespeoplefeelgood.Thesearethehedonicandeudaimonicapproachestohappiness(Keyes,Shmotkin,&Ryff,2002).Hedonicwell-beingisbasedonthenotionthatincreasedpleasureanddecreasedpainleadstoha
3、ppiness.Theliteratureonsubjectivewell-beingisbasedonthishedonicnotion.Subjectivewell-beingisascientifictermthatiscommonlyusedtodenotethe‘happyorgoodlife’.Itcomprisesanaffectivecomponent(highpositiveaffectandlownegativeaffect)andacognitivecomponent(satis
4、factionwithlife).Themostsignificantpredictorofsubjectivewell-beingispersonalityandsociodemgraphicvariables,althoughlessconsistentandrobust,arealsothoughttobeimportantcontributors(Diener,Suh,Lucas,&Smith,1999).Eudaimonicwell-beingisbasedonthepremisethatp
5、eoplefeelgoodiftheyexperiencelifepurpose,challengeandgrowth.Psychologicalwell-being(Keyesetal.,2002)andSelf-DeterminationTheory(Deci&Ryan,2000)arebasedoneudaimonicconceptualisations.11Therecognitionthattherearevariousperspectivesonwell-beinghastriggered
6、thequestionaboutwhethertherearedifferentpathstohappiness.Proponentsofpositivepsychologyhaveendeavouredtointegrateanumberofdisparatetheoreticalandempiricalperspectivesonthehappylife.OnewaythishasbeenaccomplishedisthroughthedevelopmentoftheOrientationstoH
7、appinessapproach(Peterson,Park,&Seligman,2005).ThreepathwaystohappinesshavebeenidentifiedbyPetersonetal.,(1)pleasure;maximisingpositiveemotionandminimisingnegativeemotion(2)engagement;beingimmersedandabsorbedinthetaskathandand(3)meaning;havingahigherpur
8、posethanyourselfandusingyourstrengthstoservethishigherpurpose.Withasampleof845participants,Petersonetal.,(2005)examinedthethreeorientationstohappinessaspredictorsofSatisfactionwithLife(SWL).FirstPearsonscorrelationswereundertaken
