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1、智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料托福閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)背景文化類(lèi)：馴服噩夢(mèng)Inthenewmovie,'Inception,'amasterthiefisabletoinfiltratepeoples'dreamsandstealtheirsubconscioussecrets--evenplantadreamideathey'llthinkistheirown.Asfantasticalasthatseems,anevolvingareaofsleepresearchholdsthatitispossibleforpeopletodirecttheirowndreams,inalimitedway.Forex
2、ample,peoplewhosufferfromrecurringnightmarescanlearntosubstitutehappierendings.Practitionersofluciddreaming--whotrainthemselvestobeawarethattheyaredreaming--saytheycantryoutfantasieslikeflying.在新電影《盜夢(mèng)空間》(Inception)中，大盜能夠潛入人們的夢(mèng)中，偷走他們潛意識(shí)中的秘密──甚至還能植入夢(mèng)的構(gòu)思，讓人們以為那是自己的夢(mèng)。正如它所展現(xiàn)的奇妙想象一樣，一個(gè)發(fā)展之中的睡眠研究領(lǐng)域認(rèn)為，人們可以有限
3、地指揮自己的夢(mèng)。例如，反復(fù)做噩夢(mèng)的人可以學(xué)會(huì)用更快樂(lè)的夢(mèng)境結(jié)局取而代之。清醒夢(mèng)境的實(shí)踐者──訓(xùn)練自己意識(shí)到在做什么夢(mèng)的人──說(shuō)，他們可以在夢(mèng)中嘗試像飛行這樣的幻想。Orderingupadreamaboutanaggingpersonalproblemisdifficult,butpossible,saysRobertStickgold,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool.'Asyougotobedtonight,reallythinkaboutsomeofthoseemotionalissuesthatyouhaven
4、'twantedtodealwith.You'vegotabouta10%to20%shot.'哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院(HarvardMedicalSchool)的精神病學(xué)副教授羅伯特斯蒂克戈?duì)柕?RobertStickgold)說(shuō)，控制關(guān)于煩人的個(gè)人問(wèn)題的夢(mèng)很難，但卻是可能的?！叭绻憬裢砩洗矔r(shí)考慮過(guò)某些你不想處理的感情問(wèn)題，那么你夢(mèng)到這些問(wèn)題的幾率約為10%至20%。”Thatfitswiththecurrentunderstandingofwhatdreamsareandwhywehavethem.Oncethoughttorepresentrepressedsexualurges,orsimply
5、neuronsfiringrandomly,dreamsarenowbelievedtobemash-upscreatedbytheunconsciousmindasitprocesses,sortsandstoresemotionsfromtheday.'Wetakeourproblemstosleepandweworkthroughthemduringthenight,'saysRosalindCartwright,anemeritusprofessorofatRushUniversityMedicalCenterinChicago,whohasspentnearly50yearsstud
6、yingsleepanddreams.這與目前人們對(duì)夢(mèng)是什么以及我們?yōu)楹螘?huì)做夢(mèng)的理解相符。人們?cè)?jīng)認(rèn)為夢(mèng)表示被壓抑的性沖動(dòng)，或只是隨機(jī)的神經(jīng)元放電，但現(xiàn)在人們認(rèn)為，夢(mèng)是由潛意識(shí)處理、分類(lèi)和儲(chǔ)存白天的情感時(shí)產(chǎn)生的混合產(chǎn)物?！拔覀儙е鴨?wèn)題入睡，在夜里處理這些問(wèn)題，”位于芝加哥的拉什大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心(RushUniversityMedicalCenter)的神經(jīng)學(xué)榮譽(yù)退休教授羅莎琳德卡特賴特(RosalindCartwright)說(shuō)。她曾花了近50年的時(shí)間研究睡眠和夢(mèng)。Hernewbook,'TheTwenty-FourHourMind,'explainsthatthemindlatchesontoso
7、methreadofunfinishedemotionalbusinessfromtheday.Then,inREMsleep(therapideyemovementperiodwhenmostdreamingoccurs),itcallsupbitsofoldermemoriesthataresomehowrelated,andmeldsthemtogether.'That'swhydreams
