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1、Gd對(duì)Al-Mg合金微觀組織和力學(xué)性能的影響安勇良尹冬松譚志強(qiáng)黑龍江科技大學(xué)材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院為提高Al-Mg合金的力學(xué)性能,采用電阻爐熔煉制備Gd質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)不同的Al-Mg-Gd合金,利用金相顯微鏡、掃描電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射儀和硬度計(jì)等研宄Gd質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)對(duì)Al-Mg合金微觀組織和力學(xué)性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.1%、0.3%、0.5%的Gd能夠細(xì)化鑄態(tài)AlMg合金的晶粒,并形成顆粒狀或短桿狀的Al-Gd化合物,提高了合金抗拉強(qiáng)度和硬度。當(dāng)Gd質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)在0.3%吋,抗拉強(qiáng)度227MPa和硬度83.0MPa為最高。當(dāng)Gd質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)達(dá)到0.5%
2、后,由于Al_Gd化合物形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檠鼐Ы邕B續(xù)分布的粗大網(wǎng)絡(luò)狀,Gd對(duì)Al-Mg合金的強(qiáng)化效果減弱,使合金抗拉強(qiáng)度和硬度分別下降至183和79.9MPa。關(guān)鍵詞:Al-Mg;Gdi微觀組織;力學(xué)性能;基金:黑龍江省應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究與開(kāi)發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)S(GC13A104)EffectofGdonmicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesofAl-MgalloyAnYongliangYinDongsongTanZhiqiangSchoolofMaterialsScience&Engineering,HeilongjiangUni
3、versityofScience&Technology;Abstract:ThispaperisaimedatimprovingthemechanicalpropertiesofAl-Mgalloycastings.TheresearchinvolvespreparingAl-MgalloycontainingdifferentGdcontentsbyaresistancefurnace;andinvestigatingtheeffectofrareearthelementsGdcontentoftheAl-Mgalloyonthemicros
4、tructureandmechanicalpropertiesusingopticalmicroscopy,scanningelectronmicroscopy,X-raydiffraction,auniversaltensiletester,hardnesstestinginstruments.TheresultsshowthatGdwiththemassfractionrangingfromO.1%to0.3%and0.5%canrefinethegrainofAl-MgalloyandformtheAl-Gdcompoundingranu
5、larorshortrodshape,thuscontributingtoanimprovedtensilestrengthandhardnessofthealloy;Gdwiththemassfractionof0.3%providesthehigheststrengthandhardness;Gdwiththemassfractionof0.5%givesadecreasedstrengtheningeffectonAl-MgalloyduetothechangeofAl-Gdcompoundformintoacoarsenetworkwi
6、thcontinuousdistributionalongthegrainboundary,resultinginthetensilestrengthandhardnessofthealloygoingdownto183MPaand79.9MPa,respectively.Keyword:Al-Mg;Gd;microstructure;mechanicalproperty;稀土在鋁合金中應(yīng)用很廣,常見(jiàn)的有La、Gd、Ce等,其對(duì)鋁合金組織和力學(xué)性能具有非常重要的作用,如稀土具有凈化作用,能夠減少鋁熔體中的氫含量、夾渣和有害氣體、雜質(zhì);稀土還具有
7、變質(zhì)作用,能夠有效細(xì)化晶粒和枝晶,這是因?yàn)橄⊥猎乜捎行ё柚咕Я5纳L(zhǎng),提高形核效率。近年,徐佐等U1發(fā)現(xiàn)在Mg質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.35%的A356.2鋁合金屮,僅需要0.05%稀土元素就可以達(dá)到較好的細(xì)化變質(zhì)效果。而且Mg與稀土的混合添加可以改善Fe相形貌,減少針狀Fe相對(duì)性能的不利影響。筆者XZ1研宄發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)Gd質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)在0.3%,Al-Cu-Gd合金顯微組織得到細(xì)化,同時(shí)合金的硬度和抗拉強(qiáng)度以及伸長(zhǎng)率提高;李廳等以混合稀土元素La和Ce作為變質(zhì)劑,探討稀土變質(zhì)對(duì)合金鑄件微觀組織和宏觀機(jī)械性能的影響規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)0.3%變質(zhì)劑使鋁合金ADC12合金的
8、微觀組織得到細(xì)化且顯微硬度提高,抵抗槊性變形能力強(qiáng),抗拉強(qiáng)度大。高士學(xué)等發(fā)現(xiàn)稀土La對(duì)a-A1和的細(xì)化和Si和的變質(zhì)都起到明顯作用。稀土元素還可以在鋁