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1、Unit3TheComputerandtheInformationAge-grammar教案時(shí)態(tài)一??偸觯簽榱吮阌谥v解,我將英語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài),分為現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)?,F(xiàn)在時(shí)包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),姑且把將來(lái)時(shí)也歸入此類(lèi)。過(guò)去時(shí)包括,一般過(guò)去時(shí),過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),過(guò)去完成時(shí)。一般來(lái)說(shuō),時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)是指現(xiàn)在時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)現(xiàn)在時(shí),過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。當(dāng)然,特殊語(yǔ)境需要特別分析。二。時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)主要包括以下的典型用法。1。下列情況下,如果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)《用will/shall/can/must/》或者主句是祈使句,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1》在if/unless/evenif/引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中.如:Y
2、ouwillbepunishedunlessyougothoughwiththework.Iwon'tattendthepartyevenifIaminvited.2》在when/before/until/assoonas/themoment/once/引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。如:I'llletyouknowthemomentIgettimelyinformation.Onceyourealizeyourmistake,you'llregretforwhatyou'vedone.3》在nomatterwhat/nomatterwho/nomatterwhen/nomatter
3、where/nomatterhow/nomatterwhich/或者whatever/whoever/whenever/wherever/however/whichever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中。如:I'llbelievewhateveryouhavesaid.Howeverdifficulttheproblemis,we'llovercomeit.Whereveryougo,I'llfollowyou.Wecanhelpwhoevergetsintrouble.2。在祈使句+and/or+句子的模式中,and/or后的句子常用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。如:Putonthecoat,oryou'llca
4、tchacoldWorkhard,andyou'llmakerapidprogress.3。注意usedto/would區(qū)別。他們都表示過(guò)去常常。但would常和時(shí)間連用,而usedto不可以。如:WhenIwasaboy,Iwouldswimeveryday.<不用usedto>4.beabouttodo如果用在簡(jiǎn)單句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果用在復(fù)合句中,常和when引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去時(shí)的從句連用。如:Iamabouttoleavewheniwasabouttofallasleepwhensomeoneknockedthedoor.但要注意beabouttodo不和具體的時(shí)間連用。我們不可以
5、說(shuō),Weareabouttoleavethisafternoon,應(yīng)說(shuō),weareabouttoleave或者說(shuō),wewillbeleavingthisafternoon.5.語(yǔ)境中的過(guò)去時(shí)常表示“剛剛,剛才”之意,暗示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不是這樣..如:Sorry,Ididn'tknowyouwerehere.6.表示愿望,打算一類(lèi)的詞,如hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think,suppose,want等,其過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。如:----Whyhaven'tyouattendedtheparty?---Ihadmeatto,butIwasbus
6、y.7.在It/Thisbethefirst/second/---time+that句中。如果be為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),that后的句子一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),如果be為一般過(guò)去時(shí),that后的句子為過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如:ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavemetthefamousscientist.Thisisthefirsttimethathegetsinvolvedinthetournament.8.在Itbe+段時(shí)間+since從句中,如果be表現(xiàn)為is或hasbeen形式,since從句用過(guò)去時(shí),如果be表現(xiàn)為was或hadbeen,從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如:Itis3
7、yearssincehehastaughtinthisuniversity.9.在...hardly...when/...nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中,hardly/nosooner所在的主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),when/than所在的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。而且,如果hardly/nosooner放在句首,主句部分要部分到裝,從句結(jié)構(gòu)不變。如:Ihadhardlyrecognizedhimwhenheturnedup.HardlyhadIr