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1、摘要作業(yè)車間調(diào)度問題(Job-shopSchedulingProblem,簡(jiǎn)稱JSP)是一類滿足任務(wù)配置和順序約束要求的資源分配問題,是一類典型的NP-hard問題,至今沒有找到可以精確求得最優(yōu)解的多項(xiàng)式時(shí)間算法。有效地調(diào)度方法和優(yōu)化技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用,對(duì)于制造企業(yè)提供生產(chǎn)效率、降低生產(chǎn)成本有著重要的作用,因此越來(lái)越受學(xué)者們的關(guān)注。遺傳算法是基于“適者生存”的一種高度并行、隨機(jī)和自適應(yīng)優(yōu)化算法,它將問題的求解表示成“染色體”的適者生存過程,通過“染色體”群的一代代不斷進(jìn)化,包括復(fù)制、交叉和變異等操作,最終收斂到“最適應(yīng)環(huán)境”的個(gè)體,從而求
2、得問題的最優(yōu)解或滿意解。本文系統(tǒng)介紹了作業(yè)車間調(diào)度問題以及遺傳算法的基本原理,并針對(duì)作業(yè)車間調(diào)度問題的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)了一種遺傳算法。最后使用Matlab編寫程序求解JobShop調(diào)度問題。并對(duì)兩類典型的FT類問題FT06和FT10進(jìn)行測(cè)試。關(guān)鍵詞:車間調(diào)度,遺傳算法,JobShop問題IAbstractJobshopschedulingproblem(Job-shopSchedulingProblem,referredtoasJSP)isaclassofconstraintstomeetthetasksrequiredtoconfigure
3、andordertheallocationofresources.ItisakindoftypicalNP-hardproblem,whichhasnotfoundtheoptimalsolutiontogetaccuratelyobtainedpolynomialtimealgorithm.Effectivemethodsandoptimizationtechniquesinschedulingresearchandapplications,takeanimportantroleinmanufacturenterprisesprodu
4、ctionefficiency,reduceproductioncosts,somoreandmoreattentionbyscholars.Geneticalgorithmisbasedonthe"survivalofthefittest"inahighlyparallel,randomandadaptiveoptimizationalgorithm,itwillsolvetheproblemthata"chromosome"ofthesurvivalofthefittestprocess,through"chromosome"gro
5、upofevolvingfromgenerationtogeneration,includingreproduction,crossoverandmutationoperations,andeventuallyconvergetothe"bestadapttotheenvironment,"theindividual,andthusobtaintheoptimalsolutionorasatisfactorysolution.Thispaperintroducedthejob-shopschedulingproblemandthebas
6、icprinciplesofgeneticalgorithms,tosovejobshopschedulingproblem,wedesignedageneticalgorithm,andusingMatlabprogrammingsoveJobShopSchedulingProblem.FinallytesttwotypicalkindsofproblemsFT06andFT10.Keyword:Productionscheduling,Geneticalgorithm,JobShopproblemI目錄目錄摘要IAbstractII
7、第一章緒論11.1車間調(diào)度研究的目的和意義11.2車間調(diào)度的研究現(xiàn)狀21.3本文安排3第二章車間調(diào)度問題綜述42.1車間調(diào)度問題42.1.1車間調(diào)度問題的描述42.1.2車間調(diào)度的性能指標(biāo)42.1.3車間調(diào)度問題的分類52.1.4實(shí)際調(diào)度問題的特點(diǎn)52.2車間調(diào)度問題的研究方法62.3車間調(diào)度研究中存在的主要問題92.4本章小結(jié)9第三章遺傳算法理論綜述103.1遺傳算法的形成和發(fā)展103.2基本遺傳算法113.3基本遺傳算的實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)133.3.1編碼方法133.3.2適應(yīng)度函數(shù)的確定143.3.3選擇算子143.3.4交叉算子153.3
8、.5變異算子153.3.6算法參數(shù)的選取163.3.7算法終止條件的確定163.4遺傳算法的應(yīng)用173.5本章小結(jié)17第四章JobShop調(diào)度問題的遺傳算法研究184.1JobShop調(diào)度問題描述184.2