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1、附錄1專業(yè)文章英譯漢附錄1.1英文原文SimpleBeamLayoutThelayoutofasimpleprestressed-concretebeamiscontrolledbytwocriticalsections:themaximummomentandtheendsections.Afterthesesectionsaredesigned,intermediateonescanoftenbedeterminedbyinspectionbutshouldbeseparatelyinvestigatedwhenneces
2、sary.Themaximummomentsectioniscontrolledbytwoloadingstages,theinitialstageattransferwithminimummomentMGactingonthebeamandtheworking-loadstagewithmaximumdesignmomentMT.Theendsectionsarecontrolledbyarearequiredforshareresistance,bearingplates,anchoragespacings,andjac
3、kingclearances.Allintermediatesectionsaredesignedbyoneormoreoftheaboverequirements,dependingontheirrespectivedistancesfromtheabovecontrollingsections.Acommonarrangementforposttensionedmembersistoemploysomeshape,suchasIorT,forthemaximummomentsectionandtorounditoutin
4、toasimplerectangularshapeneartheends.Thisiscommonlyreferredtoastheendblockforposttensionedmembers.Forpretensionedmembers,producedonalonglineprocess,auniformI,double-T,orcoredsectionisemployedthroughout,inordertofacilitateproduction.Thedesignforindividualsectionshav
5、ingbeenexplainedinChapters5,6,and7,thegeneralcablelayoutofsimplebeamswillnowbediscussed.Thelayoutofabeamcanbeadjustedbyvaryingboththeconcreteandthesteel.Thesectionofconcretecanbevariedastoitsheight,width,shape,andthecurvatureofitssoffitorextrados.Thesteelcanbevarie
6、doccasionallyinitsareabutmostlyinitspositionrelativetothecentroidalaxisofconcrete.Byadjustingthesevariables,manycombinationsoflayoutarepossibletosuitdifferentloadingconditions.Thisisquitedifferentfromthedesignofreinforced-concretebeams,wheretheusuallayoutiseitherau
7、niformrectangularsectionorauniformT-sectionandthepositionofsteelisalwaysasnearthebottomfibersasispossible.Considerfirstthepretensionedbeams,Fig.1Herestraightcablesarepreferred,sincetheycanbemoreeasilytensionedbetweentwoabutments.Letusstartwithastraightcableinastrai
8、ghtbeamofuniformsection,(a).Thisissimpleasfarasformandworkmanshipareconcened,Butsuchasectioncannotoftenbeeconomicallydesigned,becauseoftheconflic
