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1、中國雇學c童提2011,27(9):65—71ChineseAgriculturalScienceBulletin農田施用水葫蘆對水稻鉀素吸收利用的影響陳留根,劉紅江,孫曉強,盛婧,陸月明(’江蘇省農業(yè)科學院農業(yè)資源與環(huán)境研究所,南京210014;無錫太湖水稻示范園,江蘇無錫214196)摘要:以粳稻品種‘運2645’為供試材料,設計農田施用水葫蘆(將曬干水葫蘆按4500kg/hm農田施用)、不施用水葫蘆處理和施N量為120kg/hm(LN)、240kg/hm(NN)處理,研究其對水稻不同生育時期K素含量、K素吸收、K素分配和K素利用效率的影響。結果表明:(1)農田施用水葫蘆使水稻不同
2、生育時期植株含K率顯著提高,增加幅度從夠苗期逐漸下降,到抽穗后又逐漸增加;使各生育時期吸K量顯著提高;(2)農田施用水葫蘆對水稻不同生育時期K素在莖鞘、葉片中分配比例多無顯著影響,使成熟期K素在穗中分配比例顯著降低;(3)農田施用水葫蘆使水稻不同生育時期K素干物質生產(chǎn)效率均顯著或極顯著降低,使K素籽粒效率和K素收獲指數(shù)均顯著降低;(4)增施N肥,使水稻不同生育時期的植株K素含量和吸K量均得到極顯著的增加,使K素干物質生產(chǎn)效率和K素籽粒生產(chǎn)效率均顯著或極顯著下降;(5)水葫蘆×N對稻株K素吸收利用多無顯著互作效應。農田施用水葫蘆使水稻植株含K率、K素吸收量顯著提高,使K素干物質生產(chǎn)效率和
3、K素籽粒生產(chǎn)效率顯著降低。關鍵詞:農田施用水葫蘆;水稻;K素吸收;K素分配;K素效率中圖分類號:O14文獻標志碼:A論文編號:20103194EfectofHyacinthMulchingonKaliumUptakeandUtilizationofRice(OryzasativaL.)ChenLiugen,LiuHongjiang,SunXiaoqiang,ShengJing,LuYueming(InstituteofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironments,JiangsuAcademyofAgricultureSciences,Nanjing21001
4、4;TaihuRiceDemonstrationPark,WuxiJiangsu214196)Abstract:Withthedevelopmentofagriculture,moreandmorenitrogenandphosphorusfertilizerweresuppliedinfieldricegrowthinChina.Butinthemass,kalium(K)wasabsentinmanyareas.Hyacinthcouldabsorblargequantitiesofkaliumandconcentratethemintheirtissues.Inthisstudy
5、,thefieldexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofhyacinthmulchingonricekaliumconcentration,uptake,eficiencyandallocationatdifferentgrowthstages.Took‘Yun2645’asmaterial,thekaliumuptakeandutilizationofricewereevaluatedundertwodifferentlevelsofNinput:low(LN,120kg/hm)andnormalN(NN,240kg/hm)in
6、2009.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)ComparedwithAMB,hyacinthmulchingsignificantlyincreasedKconcentrationinriceplantovertheseason,andtheincreasingratewasgradualdeclinefrommid—tilleringtoheading,butfromheadingtomaturitytheincreasingratewasgradualaddition,hyacinthmulchingsignificantlyincreasedKaliumaccumu
7、lationinriceplant.(2)HyacinthmulchinghadnoobviouseffectonKaliumallocationpatterninleavesandstemsofriceovertheseason,significantlydecreasedkaliumallocationpatterninspikesatgrainmaturity.(3)Hyacinthmulchingresultedinthesignifi