[英語學(xué)習(xí)]英語翻譯資料及筆記

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1、1999年（下）翻譯試卷一、漢譯英（50％）媽媽退休了，閑在家中。她身體不好，不便多做家務(wù)，時(shí)常是早晨上公園散步，回來躺一會兒；中午吃完午飯，再上樓躺一會兒；晚上看完最后一個(gè)電視節(jié)目，又是睡覺。久而久之，我們開始覺得她精神反倒不如以前了。她太閑了，力氣活不能多做，又沒有讀過什么書，我們想不出有什么辦法可以消除她的寂寞。白天，爸爸和我們兄妹都要上班；晚上妹妹要去夜校，我也要在自己房里看書，好象只有吃晚飯的時(shí)候，我們才有機(jī)會和她在一起聊聊。盡管能和她說的事實(shí)在不多，但在這樣的時(shí)候，她會顯得特別高興，特別有

2、精神。二、英譯漢（50％）Somescientistsconsiderthatsleepisaninstinct,abasicneedforthebodyandmindtorelaxandtoescapefromtheresponsesneededwhileawake.Webecometiredinbodyandmindifwedonotsleep,andscientistshaveprovedthatwhenwedosleeptheelectricalactivityofthebrainslowsd

3、own,althoughitmaybestimulatedwhenwedream.Onechemicaltheoryisthatasubstanceneededtomaintainthewakingstatebecomesexhaustedandmaybereplenishedinsleep.Acontrarysuggestionisthatsomepoisonoussubstancesbuiltupinwakefulnessmaybedestroyedwhenwegotosleep.Otherthe

4、oriesconnecttheneedforincreasedwakefulnesswiththedevelopmentofthemoresophisticatedareasofthebrain.Thiscouldexplainwhynewbornbabieswhosepowersofreasoninghavenotyetdeveloped,spendmostoftheirlivesasleep.Ithasbeendemonstratedthataparticularpartofthebrain,th

5、ereticularformation,ifsevered,causecontinuoussleep.Althoughwearenotsurewhywesleep,thereisnodoubtthatweneedtodosoandsodomostotheranimals.Thepatternofsleepandwakefulnessiscloselyconnectedwithourhabitsandsenses.Animalswhichdependuponsightforfood,shelterand

6、defence,likeman,arediurnal.Thatmeanstheyareforthemostpartactiveduringthedayandasleepatnight.Theamountofsleepneededbyapersontoremaininfullhealthvariesconsiderablywithage,withdifferentindividuals,andeven,perhaps,withrace.Pre-schoolchildrengenerallyneedten

7、totwelvehourssleep,schoolchildrenninetoelevenhoursandadultsseventoninehours.Adultsseemtoneedprogressivelylesssleepastheygrowolder,andexceptionalcaseareknownofelderlypeoplewhohaveremainedhealthyontwotothreehoursanight.IthasbeensaidthattheJapanese,bothchi

8、ldrenandadults,sleeplessthanEuropeans,butthatmaybeduetohabitratherthantorace.英語翻譯試題課程代碼：00087?將答案寫在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上，否則不計(jì)分。PartOneⅠ.MultipleChoiceQuestions(30points,2pointsforeach)A.Directions:Thispartconsistsoftensentences,eachfollowedby