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1、1999年(下)翻譯試卷一、漢譯英(50%)媽媽退休了,閑在家中。她身體不好,不便多做家務(wù),時(shí)常是早晨上公園散步,回來(lái)躺一會(huì)兒;中午吃完午飯,再上樓躺一會(huì)兒;晚上看完最后一個(gè)電視節(jié)目,又是睡覺(jué)。久而久之,我們開(kāi)始覺(jué)得她精神反倒不如以前了。她太閑了,力氣活不能多做,又沒(méi)有讀過(guò)什么書(shū),我們想不出有什么辦法可以消除她的寂寞。白天,爸爸和我們兄妹都要上班;晚上妹妹要去夜校,我也要在自己房里看書(shū),好象只有吃晚飯的時(shí)候,我們才有機(jī)會(huì)和她在一起聊聊。盡管能和她說(shuō)的事實(shí)在不多,但在這樣的時(shí)候,她會(huì)顯得特別高興,特別有
2、精神。二、英譯漢(50%)Somescientistsconsiderthatsleepisaninstinct,abasicneedforthebodyandmindtorelaxandtoescapefromtheresponsesneededwhileawake.Webecometiredinbodyandmindifwedonotsleep,andscientistshaveprovedthatwhenwedosleeptheelectricalactivityofthebrainslowsd
3、own,althoughitmaybestimulatedwhenwedream.Onechemicaltheoryisthatasubstanceneededtomaintainthewakingstatebecomesexhaustedandmaybereplenishedinsleep.Acontrarysuggestionisthatsomepoisonoussubstancesbuiltupinwakefulnessmaybedestroyedwhenwegotosleep.Otherthe
4、oriesconnecttheneedforincreasedwakefulnesswiththedevelopmentofthemoresophisticatedareasofthebrain.Thiscouldexplainwhynewbornbabieswhosepowersofreasoninghavenotyetdeveloped,spendmostoftheirlivesasleep.Ithasbeendemonstratedthataparticularpartofthebrain,th
5、ereticularformation,ifsevered,causecontinuoussleep.Althoughwearenotsurewhywesleep,thereisnodoubtthatweneedtodosoandsodomostotheranimals.Thepatternofsleepandwakefulnessiscloselyconnectedwithourhabitsandsenses.Animalswhichdependuponsightforfood,shelterand
6、defence,likeman,arediurnal.Thatmeanstheyareforthemostpartactiveduringthedayandasleepatnight.Theamountofsleepneededbyapersontoremaininfullhealthvariesconsiderablywithage,withdifferentindividuals,andeven,perhaps,withrace.Pre-schoolchildrengenerallyneedten
7、totwelvehourssleep,schoolchildrenninetoelevenhoursandadultsseventoninehours.Adultsseemtoneedprogressivelylesssleepastheygrowolder,andexceptionalcaseareknownofelderlypeoplewhohaveremainedhealthyontwotothreehoursanight.IthasbeensaidthattheJapanese,bothchi
8、ldrenandadults,sleeplessthanEuropeans,butthatmaybeduetohabitratherthantorace.英語(yǔ)翻譯試題課程代碼:00087?將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙相應(yīng)位置上,否則不計(jì)分。PartOneⅠ.MultipleChoiceQuestions(30points,2pointsforeach)A.Directions:Thispartconsistsoftensentences,eachfollowedby