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1、TheScarletLetterAuthor:NathanielHawthorneSymbolism：TheScarletLetter,Asymbolofshame,butinsteaditbecomesapowerfulsymbolofidentitytoHester.Theletter’smeaningshiftsastimepasses.OriginallyintendedtomarkHesterasanadulteress,the“A”eventuallycomestostandfor“Able.”TheMeteor,toDimmesdale,themeteorimplie
2、sthatheshouldwearamarkofshamejustasHesterdoes.Themeteorisinterpreteddifferentlybytherestofthecommunity,whichthinksthatitstandsfor“Angel”andmarksGovernorWinthrop’sentryintoheavenTheRosebush,NexttothePrisonDoor.Thenarratorchoosestobeginhisstorywiththeimageoftherosebushbesidetheprisondoor.Therose
3、bushsymbolizestheabilityofnaturetoendureandoutlastman’sactivities.Pearlisasortoflivingversionofhermother’sscarletletter.Sheisthephysicalconsequenceofsexualsinandtheindicatorofatransgression(evildoing).UpwardAmericanspiritCharacteranalysis:Hester:disloyalty,betrayal,deception,sexualdesire,adult
4、ery.Face,correct,redeem,purify.Praise,content,conformability.Dimmesdale:adultery,cowardice,hypocrisy,dishonesty,selfishness,toocowardtoconfess,torturedbyhisconscience.Sympathetic,disfavorhishesitation,indecisivenessandcowardice.Chillingworth:revenge.Torturedbythedesireofrevenge,twistedandreduc
5、edtonothing.disgusted,thinkhecommittedgreatercrime.PuritanisminTheScarletLetterPuritanbackground:setting,events,characters,thoughts,behaviors.Puritandoctrines:originalsin,totaldepravity,predestination,limitedatonement.RalphWaldoEmerson1.NatureThedeclarationofTranscendentalismAnalysisof“Nature”
6、Alongessaywhichhaseightparts:theopening,commodity,beauty,language,discipline,Idealism,spiritandprospects.Ourselectionistakenfromtheopening.Takenasawhole,“Nature”expressesEmerson’sphilosophyinamoresystematicfashionthananyotherworkofhis.MeaningsofnatureIBeautyNatureisbeautiful.:thecomplete,myste
7、rious,usefulandmoralbeautyofnature.First,nature’sbeautyliesinitscompleteness.Second,nature’sbeautyliesinitsmystery.cannotbemanipulated.Onlywhenheholdsasincererespectfornature,canmanfeelthemysteriousbeautyofnature.Third,nature’sbeautylie
