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1、園藝學(xué)報(bào),2015,42(7):1313–1320.ActaHorticulturaeSinicadoi:10.16420/j.issn.0513-353x.2014-1144;http://www.ahs.ac.cn1313設(shè)施砂壤土容重對(duì)番茄幼苗生長(zhǎng)和根系構(gòu)型的影響*劉晚茍,何泳怡,謝海容,李良賢(嶺南師范學(xué)院生命科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院,廣東湛江524048)摘要:土壤緊實(shí)是設(shè)施蔬菜生產(chǎn)的土壤障礙因子之一。在塑料大棚砂壤土條件下,用人工土柱栽-3培法研究了土壤容重分別為1.20、1.35和1.58g·cm的土壤對(duì)番茄幼苗生長(zhǎng)和根系構(gòu)型的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨
2、容重增大,葉片伸長(zhǎng)速度、株高、植株含水量、鮮質(zhì)量、干質(zhì)量、根冠比、根表面積、根長(zhǎng)密度和根體積密度等都顯著降低。隨容重增大,根系干質(zhì)量、根表面積、根長(zhǎng)密度和根體積密度在垂直面上-3的分布顯著降低,容重1.58g·cm處理的根系全部分布在0~6cm土層內(nèi)。高容重土壤使根毛區(qū)皮層產(chǎn)生形變,即細(xì)胞變長(zhǎng),皮層下陷,根表面凹凸不平,根圓度變差,偏心率增大,降低根毛區(qū)的吸收能力。關(guān)鍵詞:番茄;土壤容重;生長(zhǎng);根系構(gòu)型中圖分類號(hào):S641.2文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A文章編號(hào):0513-353X(2015)07-1313-08EffectsofBulkDensityofSand
3、yLoamSoilonSeedlingGrowthandRootArchitectureofTomatoPlantsinGreenhouse*LIUWan-gou,HEYong-yi,XIEHai-rong,andLILiang-xian(LifeScienceandTechnologySchool,LingnanNormalUniversity,Zhanjiang,Guangdong524048,China)Abstract:Soilcompactionisoneofsoilrestrictingfactorsforgreenhousevegeta
4、bleproduction.The-3effectsofbulkdensityof1.20(D1.20),1.35(D1.35)and1.58g·cm(D1.58)insandyloamonseedlinggrowthandrootarchitectureoftomatowereinvestigatedusingsoilcolumnsingreenhouse.Theresultsshowedthatleafelongationrate,plantheight,plantwatercontent,freshanddryweight,roottoshoo
5、tratioswerenegativelycorrelatedwithsoilbulkdensity.Rootsurfacearea,rootlengthdensityandrootvolumedensityalsodecreasedsignificantlywithincreasingsoilbulkdensity.Highbulkdensityinhibitedrootpenetrationtodeepsoil,andconsequentlyinfluencedrootdistribution,e.g.rootswereconfinedtothe
6、top6cmsoilsinD1.58treatment.Insoilprofile,thedistributionofrootmass,rootsurfacearea,rootlengthdensityandrootvolumedensitydecreasedsignificantlywithincreasingsoilbulkdensity.Inroothairzone,rootinvaginationandcelldeformationoccurredinoutercortexunderD1.58,andtheroundness(R)andecc
7、entricity(e)ofroottransversesectionincreasedsignificantlywithincreasingbulkdensity,whichindicatedthattheabilityofrootuptakewoulddecrease.Itisconcludedthatadecreaseinsoilcultivationlayerwouldinhibitrootgrowthofthedeep-rootvegetablessuchastomatoplant.收稿日期:2015–03–24;修回日期:2015–05–
8、20基金項(xiàng)目:國家星火計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2012GA780012);嶺南師范學(xué)院自然科學(xué)研究重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(LZL1405